Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2017 in |
The objective of present study was to investigate optimized nefopam hydrochloride loaded microspheres (NPH-MS) by investigating the relationship between independent and dependent variables using response surface methodology. Central composite design with thirty three batches was constructed using drug: polymer (X1), PHB: PCL (X2), stirring speed (X3), stirring time (X4) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (X5) level as independent factors. NPH-MS were manufactured using polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The response variables were % entrapment efficiency (Y1), mean diameter (Y2), % drug loading (Y3), and % yield (Y4). Second-order polynomial equations for (Y1-Y4) were developed by Design-expert® 9.0.5.1 software. Positive and negative signs of regression coefficient indicated synergistic and antagonistic effect on response variables, respectively. Optimized NPH-MS estimated by design-expert software have highest desirability function, D = 0.911 and X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 were 1: 2.86, 1:1.19, 1501 rpm, 2.98 h and 0.54 % w/v, respectively. The model predicted values of Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 for optimized NPH-MS were 83.80%, 100.78μm,...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2017 in |
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb is widely used in traditional medicine to cure various diseases. In this present study, the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect on alpha amylase by the ethanolic extracts of the Elaeocarpus ganitrus (bark) were investigated. The dried bark of Elaeocarpus ganitrus was extracted by using ethanol as a solvent for extraction with the help of Soxhlet apparatus. The solvent free crude was screened for presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and alpha amylase inhibitory effect. The screening for phytochemicals showed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenol, tannin, Saponin, glycosides and terpenoids. The ethanolic extract showed a concentration dependent increase in antioxidant activity (Upto 79% by DPPH method and upto 72.8% by H2O2 method), which can be used as a potential anti-aging agent and in the treatmentof free radical associated diseases. The ethanolic extract also showed a dose dependent increase in inhibitory effect on alpha amylase (Upto 82%) which can be used as a potential source as antidiabetic drug. From the current study it can...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2017 in |
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the drug utilization pattern and teratogenicity risk among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on antenatal women (total=1163) more than 18 years of age attending the antenatal clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) Department. Demographic and pregnancy-related details were collected in case-record forms. Each prescription prescribed was assessed as per USFDA (United States Food and Drug Administration) categorization of drugs for use in pregnancy and WHO (World Health Organisation) core prescribing indicators. The resultant data was analyzed using MS Excel 2007 and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software, version 21. Qualitative variables were expressed as percentages and Inter-group comparison was done using Chi-square test. For all statistical analysis, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total number of drugs used, Category A drugs were the most common (75.5 %) followed by Category B (17.5 %), Category C (5.28 %), Category D (1.55 %)...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2017 in |
Biochemical characterization of enzyme is the most fundamental aspects of enzymology from industrial point, as it is desirable to choose an enzyme which will have the fastest reaction rate per unit amount of enzyme which indicates the maximum effect for the minimum amount of added catalyst. In this study, Protease enzyme was extracted from Z. officinale and purified by using various down streaming techniques up to apparent homogeneity from which a model has been generated based on mathematical modelling. Neural networking approach has been applied to optimize the incubation time, pH stability, temperature stability, initial substrate concentration and initial enzyme concentration on casein hydrolysis. The purified protease from Z. officinale is thermo stable and appears to be a promising candidate in applications on various industrial...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2017 in |
Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram negative bacterium which is primary or secondary cause of ulcers and hemorrhagic septicaemia in fish. The treatments for this infection are only restricted to some antibiotics. So, novel materials are being searched for combating with bacterial infections and the resulting consequences. In this presence study, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Hibiscus rosa sinensis extract act as reducing agent. The silver nanoparticles have shown bactericidal effects against A. hydrophila isolated from infected fish Catla catla. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by using UV–Visible, fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. SEM results showed that the particles were in the size range of 5µm. FT-IR prediction indicated the presence of C–H stretch, C–H bend, N–H bend, –C≡C– stretch, H–C=O: C–H stretch, C–H stretch respectively on the AgNPs. The maximum zone of inhibition 10 mm observed by normal cured against A. hydrophila is. The synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited maximum zone of inhibition 11 mm against A. hydrophila. As a conclusion of the...
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