Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Background: Influenza and influenza like illness (ILI) is a common respiratory illness among HIV patients. ILI is caused by various respiratory viruses and bacteria other than influenza virus. The symptoms of ILI recover within a few days, but in HIV patients ILI with opportunistic coinfections may lead to serious complications and hospitalization. Objective: To determine the incidence of human rhinovirus (HRV) coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus among HIV patients suffering from flu like illness. Materials and Methods: In this study 92 throat swab samples of flu suspected HIV patients were collected from Department of Immunology, SGPGIMS, Lucknow and ART Centre, RMLIMS, Lucknow, during 2014 – 2015. Samples were cultured on mannitol salt agar (MSA) plates, Staphylococcus aureus were confirmed by the biochemical characterization. The confirmation of HRV was done by RT-PCR. HeLa cell lines were used for isolation of human rhinovirus. Results: The prevalence of HRV was found 17 (18.5%), while S. aureus were isolated from 40 (43.5%) samples. Coinfection of S. aureus was found in 11 HRV positive samples...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Objective: To examine anxiety levels and depression level of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to compare these with glucose-tolerant (GT) women at similar stages of pregnancy. Research Design and Methods: Prospective longitudinal study conducted on 50 women with GDM and 50 NGDM women at 24 – 36 weeks of pregnancy. We are depended on Taylor anxiety Scale the Arabic version with reliability and Beck Depression Scale the Arabic version. Results: Women with GDM, compared with GT women, had a higher level of anxiety, depression scales, older, with low income, illiterate, and high BMI. Conclusions: Higher level of anxiety, depression scales, with low income, illiterate, and high BMI most causes of gestational...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
The threats and risks of the invalid drugs as expired, counterfeit (cheated drugs), Substandard, spurious, falsely labeled, falsified) .The risks and threats of the invalid drugs are many and wide vary, and the countries are trying to prevent these threats by some efforts as the regulatory institution’s efforts and the recorded expire date on the drug container, but that are not enough to prevent this problem. As well as, the recorded expire date on the drug container can be cheated and not accurate, too. As it depends on the assumption the drug may be valid till this date if the drug is made and stored in an ideal manner, but in the real conditions the drug may expose to different conditions that may effect on its expire date and validity, as the environmental conditions e.g. light and temperature. So, in this research I found some answers about the people and invalid drug, and about the trust in drug use and safety, and I developed an additional, simple, rapid and...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Introduction: Experimental studies have found that acute stress leads to pathophysiological changes in cardiac risk profile and thereby more directly explain a link to cardiovascular disease. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Emblica officinalis versus placebo on mental stress induced changes in cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters and arterial wave reflection properties in healthy human subjects. Materials & Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, participants received either two capsules of standardized Emblica officinalis fruit extract 250 mg or placebo daily for 2 weeks, as per prior randomization schedule. Pharmacodynamic parameters were recorded before and after a standardized mental stress test, at baseline and at the end of treatment. After a 2 week washout, participants crossed over to receive the other treatment. Results: A total of 12 volunteers completed the study. Compared to baseline, Emblica officinalis fruit extract produced a statistically significant decrease in Aortic augmentation pressure (from 6.6±2.15 to 4.6±2.02); (p< 0.01) and in Augmentation Index AIx (from 120.1±12.80 to 116.2±12.63); (p< 0.05). There was...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Verapamil Hydrochloride is phenyl alkyl amine derivative, Calcium channel blocker: Class IV, antiarrhythmic drug having short half-life of 2.8 – 7.4 hours so requires frequent dosing of 40 -120 mg thrice for treatment of arrhythmia and 80 -120mg thrice a day for treatment of angina and hypertension. It degrades at neutral and alkaline pH. So, study was taken up to Formulate, Optimize and Evaluate the Hollow microspheres of Verapamil Hydrochloride to prevent degradation and to reduce frequency of dose by having sustained release effect. Hollow microsphere or micro-balloons were prepared by non – aqueous solvent evaporation method using Ethyl cellulose and Eudragit RS 100 and optimized by changing drug: polymer ratio, and polymer combination. Thirteen batches containing only Ethyl Cellulose, only Eudragit RS 100 and both Ethyl Cellulose and Eudragit RS 100 were prepared and evaluated. Drug to Polymer ratio of 1:2 was found to be optimized. Micro-balloons were stable, white colored, spherical, free flowing in nature and showed controlled release up to 12 hours. The drug release from...
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