Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of methanol and aqueous extracts of whole plant of Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes Lam. Antioxidant activity was measured using reducing power, hydrogen peroxide and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assays. The antioxidant activity was expressed as percentage (%) of DPPH and H2O2 radicals’ inhibition and IC50 value. Methanolic extract of the whole plant showed highest antioxidant activity each for DPPH (85.80±0.29) as well as H2O2 (64.7±0.173) compared to the aqueous extract with an IC50 value of 50.1µg/ml and 60.2 µg/ml respectively. Antibacterial activity was tested against two pathogenic strains by agar well diffusion method. The extracts were found to exert low to moderate antibacterial activity compared to Chloramphenicol which was taken as...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
Objective: To evaluate the prescribing pattern in patients admitted to intensive cardiac care unit, to evaluate direct cost of the treatment in patients admitted in intensive cardiac care unit, to evaluate the rationality of drugs prescribed and to prepare and submit therapeutic guideline for management of ACS. Method: This prospective observational study was carried out in ICCU for a period of ten months. Data were analysed for drug utilisation pattern and direct cost of treatment was calculated using patient’s hospital and pharmacy bills. Rationality of therapy was evaluated based on class of recommendation from Indian guidelines for management of cardiovascular diseases, during the study period 70 prescriptions were screened. Results: The results show that a total of 156 (19.11%) cardiovascular drugs were prescribed to 70 patients admitted in ICCU during the study and anti-anginals 33 (21.15%) were equally used as inotropes 33 (21.15%), followed by anti-platelets 32 (20.51%), anticoagulants 27 (17%), hypolipidemics 21 (14%) and anti-arrhythmics 10(6%). Mean number of drugs per encounter was high (11), which contributed more...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
In the present study, we explored the potential of Telmisartan loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN), as a new formulation in improving the oral bioavailability of antihypertensive drug Telmisartan which otherwise reported with poor bioavailability. The “modified emulsification-ultrasonication method” was adopted for preparation of SLN, and Design of Experiments (DOE) was applied to optimize the lipid and surfactant composition. The formulations were lyophilized to get free flowing powder. The mean particle size of SLN measured to be 391.7nm with PDI value of 0.324, and zeta potential value of 21.5±0.4 mV was observed. The entrapment efficiency was estimated to be 97.58 % for the optimized formulation. Single dose (10 mg/kg) oral pharmacokinetic studies were performed in Albino Wistar rats to determine the drug delivery potential of SLN. The pharmacokinetic results indicated that the oral bioavailability of Telmisartan was significantly improved after its incorporation into SLN as total AUC obtained with SLN was 28 folds higher than that of AUC of drug suspension. The in vitro release from SLN demonstrated a sustained...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
The ancient Chinese formulation Fang Feng Tong Shen San (FFTSS) consists of 17 components. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tyrosinase, anti-neuro-degenerative and antimicrobial effects of five commercial preparations of FFTSS and two laboratories constituted mixtures. In-vitro 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), α-glycosidase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, elastase inhibitory and antimicrobial assays were carried out in order to determine the active potential of FFTSS. All commercial preparations have shown antioxidant properties after applying DPPH and LPO assays of an average IC50 of 117.68µg/ml and 2.86µg/ml, respectively. In addition, all commercial preparations exhibited a moderate inhibition against tyrosinase of an average IC50 of 0.353mg/ml while the activity were higher in the formula without salts and excipients reaching an IC50 of 0.077mg/ml. The anti-neurodegenerative property of FFTSS was weak while the inhibitory activity of elastase was stronger. The formula was able to inhibit α-glucosidase in an average of 60.22%. FFTSS showed stronger effect against Staphylococcus aureus but less antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. In summary...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2017 in |
This study reports the phytochemistry of the oil obtained from the air-dried non-utilized fruits of H. madagascariensis a plant widely used in folklore medicine. The H. madagascariensis fruits oil (HMO) was obtained by de-fatting the chloroform extract of the air-dried fruits with n-hexane. The n-hexane extract further separated on a normal phase silica column to afford the HMO. The acute toxicity test was done on mice using the Lorke’s method. Selected physico-chemical properties (specific gravity, refractive index, pH, viscosity and saponification value) were evaluated using standard procedures. Characterization of the fatty acids constituents was done using Gas Chromatography-Mass (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. The HMO (reddish oil) had LD50 > 5000 mg/kg; specific gravity = 0.918; refractive index = 1.472; pH: 6.4, Viscosity: 2.252, Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 140.5. GC-MS characterization of the HMO afforded eight fatty acids derivatives (47.93% unsaturated fatty acid and 14.82% saturated fatty acids of the total peak area): palmitic acid methyl ester (7.00%), palmitic acid (2.61%), linoleyl alcohol (1.22%), linoleic...
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