Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2017 in |
Aim: To evaluate the antihypertensive effect of ethanolic extract of seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. (EEPV) on high salt diet induced hypertension in male rats. Methods: Male wistar rats (180-200g) received high salt diet (8% NaCl) and 1% saline water for 6 weeks, then cannulated for dosing of Enalapril, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) in standard group and EEPV (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.v.) in test group and measured mean blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate with the help of Power Lab 6 Pro after 60 minutes of treatment. Results: Elevated blood pressure of the animals was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by EEPV (100 mg/kg, i.v). Enalapril, at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg, i.v. showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the elevated blood pressure. The antihypertensive activity of ethanolic extract of seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. may be due to the action on rennin-angiotensin system. The antihypertensive activity of EEPV might also be explained by the presence of phytochemical constituents...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Flavanoids are plant secondary metabolites, synthesized by microwave assisted synthesis and green chemistry approach since, the conventional method of synthesis uses various organic solvents, hazardous by product, tedious work that requires more reaction time. Flavonoids have general structure of 15-carbon skeleton which consists of two phenyl ring (A and B) and heterocyclic pyran ring(C). Flavones are one of the important class of flavanoids acquires a broad spectrum of activity. Chalcone (1, 3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones), is a privileged structure, demonstrating promising anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The basic moiety of flavanoids gives numerous biological activities henceforth; flavanoid and chalcone derivatives were synthesized and confirmed by physiochemical and spectral data. Biological screening was done for antibacterial especially for anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal screening with using standard drug Ofloxacin and Griseofulvin respectively. Compound NKP-3, NKP-4, NKP-8a, NKP- 9a and NKP-10a are more active and other compounds are less active against bacteria and...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Neopterin, pyrazino-pyrimidine compound, is a metabolite of guanosine triphosphate and is produced by the activated monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation by interferon gamma produced by T-lymphocytes. Aim: This study purposed to analyze the serum level of neopterin and to evaluate its correlation with other markers of inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes at various stages of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: The study done on 80 patients, aged (60 years ±5) with type 2 diabetes, and 60 healthy subjects, aged (50 years±8) recruited from outpatient clinic of nephrology department in Al yarmouk hospital. The serum levels of neopterin, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interluekin-six (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were assayed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) kits, and studied. Results: The level of serum neopterin was higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects. There were gradual increases of serum neopterin levels from stage two to stage three and four in diabetic patients. Serum neopterin level correlated positively with serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6,...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
The present investigation evaluates preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. nicholson an edible green medicinal herb tested against various Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. The plants were evaluated against two Gram positive bacterial species such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis; two Gram negative bacterial species such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae; and fungi such as Aspergillus niger, Epidermophyton floccosum and Candida albicans were tested. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed with ethanol, petroleum ether, acetone, chloroform and aqueous extracts of Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. nicholson that showed the alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, diterpenes, tannin, terpenoids, steroid, oxalate, anthocyanin, leucoanthocyanin, Xanthoprotein, coumarin and glycosides in the ethanol extract. The ethanol extract showed higher phytoconstituents when compared to the other extracts. The extracts were compared with standards like Amoxicillin and Ketoconazole for antibacterial and antifungal activity respectively. The extracts showed greatest antimicrobial activity as measured from the zone of inhibition and results were comparable with that of standard drugs...
Read More
Posted by admin on May 31, 2017 in |
Purpose: We studied by microarray analysis the tissue angiotensin system organization. We elucidated the expression of chymase, cathepsins D, G and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), potentially involved in intraparietal angiotensin II formation and atheroma. Methods: mRNA gene expression was measured by an Affymetrix Gene Chip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA) using RNA prepared from 68 specimens of endarteriectomy from 34 patients. Results: The studied mRNAs could be measured in all patients. ACE mRNA was increased 1.2 fold (p=1.21E-07) in atheroma. A 1.4 fold increase in cathepsin D mRNA (p=2.53E-07) was observed in atheroma plaque. Concerning chymase and cathepsin G, 1.22 and 1.24 fold change (p=0.001) were observed respectively. Angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) mRNA was decreased 0.7 fold (p=2.74E-06) in atheroma compared to intact tissue. Conclusion: All components required for angiotensin II formation are expressed locally in the arterial wall. The genes expression showed clear changes in ATH compared to MIT by enhancing the involvement of genes associated with Ang II production. Over expression of...
Read More
