Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
Lyophilization also known as freeze drying is a process in which water is removed from a product after it was frozen and placed under a vacuum, allowing the ice to change directly from solid to vapor without passing through a liquid phase. The process consists of three separate, unique, and interdependent processes; freezing, primary drying (sublimation), and secondary drying (desorption). Esomeprazole sodium for Injection 20 mg and 40 mg formulation was developed by optimized Lyophilization cycle. The objective of the research work was to compare the lyophilsation process cycle between Lab scale and scale up batches. The collapse temperature (Tc) for the product was identified using Freeze-drying microscope (FDM). During manufacturing the samples were exposed to above said collapse temperature to study the impact on product quality. Lab scale manufacturing was executed in Tofflon Lyophilizer 0.5 and scale-up batches were executed in Tofflon Lyophilizer 13. The Lyophilisation cycle and analytical results for both the batches were...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
For estimation of carbon stocks in tropical forest types belonging to southern part of Madhya Pradesh, 30 adopted representative sites comprising eight districts viz, Jabalpur, Seoni, Balaghat, Narsinghpur, Mandla, Dindori, Shahdol and Umaria were selected for study and studies were carried out during 2009 to 2011. The study covered three types of vegetation i.e. teak mixed forest, sal mixed forest and mixed forest. In the study modern tools like Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS were used for quick and reliable assessment of above ground biomass (AGI) and vegetation carbon pools in the region. Nested two stage sampling design was adopted to select sample plots in all forest and density classes. One super plot of 250 m x 250 m in size equivalent to MODIS pixel size was laid out in each super plot. The total sample size consisted o 30 super plots and 120 sample plots within super plots. The tree density and basal area in study sites was ranged between 105 (UMA-8) to 1508 (DIN-7) stems/ha and 22.2...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
Caralluma attenuata is a perennial small, leafless succulent plant which grows in tropical and subtropical areas. It belongs to the family Apocyanaceae. The folkal information reveals that the tribes generally chew the whole plant to treat peptic ulcer, diabetes, in weight reduction to suppress hunger and also to produce endurance. It has been reported for the presence of steroids, flavanoids, saponins, triterpenes and pregnane glycosides etc., several biological activities like anti-diabetic and anti ulcerogenic were reported. In the present study an attempt is made to evaluate Anti tubercular and Anthelminthic activities for aqueous methanolic (50:50) extract after carrying out the phytochemical investigations. Anti tubercular activity was evaluated by Micro plate Alamar blue assay method against streptomycin, ciprofloxacin and pyrazinamide as standard drugs. Anthelminthic activity was evaluated on Perithima posthuma using Piperazine citrate as standard drug. The results obtained for biological activities were shown to posses considerable Anti tubercular activity at 50 µg/ml and Anthelminthic activity at...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
Cordia obliqua Willd. (Clammy Cherry) belongs to genus Cordia and family Boraginaceae. It possesses a number of traditionally mentioned medicinal activities like purgative, diuretic, antipyretic, anthelmintic, analgesic and hepatoprotective. The present work is related with Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and antioxidant study of Cordia obliqua leaf. Under Pharmacognostic study various parameters like macroscopic, microscopic and physiochemical parameters were studied as per WHO guidelines. This work will be helpful in authentication of Cordia obliqua Willd. plant. After this successive soxhlet extraction was performed for leaf powder with various solvents in increasing order of polarity like Hexane, Chloroform, Methanol and water. These extracts were used to study presence of various chemical constituents as well as to determine amount of total Phenol and Flavonoids content. Further antioxidant activity study was performed with help of DPPH and H2O2 radical scavenging methods. The leaf methanol extract was found to have maximum amount of Phenols and Flavonoids. In antioxidant activity study, again the results with methanol extract were found better and comparable with standard and it may...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the major cause of morbid-mortality in most countries. The involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in the development of atherosclerosis, ischemic cardiopathy triggering phenomen, has been investigated. Serum total homocysteine (Hcy) concentration was measured by fluorescence polarization immunoessay. Plasma levels of substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) were carried out by fluorimetric method (Yagi). Erythrocyte activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined by a colorimetric method at 505nm and 600nm, respectively. Erythrocyte activity of catalase (CAT) was measured by colorimetric assay (Góth). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the glutathione reductase (GR) erythrocyte activities were determined by a colorimetric method at 340 nm. Our study showed significant elevation of Hcy and TBARS levels in patients compared to controls. While we noted significant decrease in TAS levels, SOD, CAT, GPx and GR activities in patients compared to the control group. We also noted positive correlations between: Hcy-TBARS, SOD-TAS, CAT-TAS, GR-TAS, GPx-TAS, SOD-CAT and GPx-GR. However negative correlations between: Hcy-SOD, Hcy-CAT, Hcy-GPx, Hcy-GR,...
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