Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
The objective of the present investigation is to prepare and evaluate the sustained release matrix tablets of Diltiazem HCl using a natural polymer Gum kondagogu. Diltiazem HCl was formulated as sustained release matrix tablet formulations with natural polymer by employing pharmaceutically acceptable electrolytes. Electrolytes such as Sodium carbonate, Magnesium carbonate and Calcium carbonate were used at specific concentration, in various formulations. Total twelve formulations (DG1-DG12) were prepared by using different proportions of drug and Gum kondagogu (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2) with the aid of granulating fluids such as distilled water, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol. From 12 formulations DG3, DG7 and DG11 were optimized based on results from physicochemical evaluation and drug release studies. These formulations have composition of 1:1.5 ratio of drug and Gum kondagogu & they have shown more than 95% drug release at 12 hours. Hence based on studies, formulation DG10 with drug and polymer with 1:1 ratio was selected for further studies by employing electrolytes in different concentrations. These electrolytes were employed to examine matrix swelling...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2016 in |
Streptozotocin (STZ) induced neurotoxicity causes development of diabetic neuropathy in rodent models and oxidative stress is the main culprit in development of diabetic neuropathy. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective and antioxidant role of Pregabalin in STZ induced neurotoxicity. After 8 weeks, STZ induced diabetic rats showed sciatic nerve damage which was evident from hyperalgesia, allodynia, motor deficits and Transmission Electron Microscopic studies of sciatic nerves. Pregabalin treatment at a daily dose of 15 mg/kg for 7 weeks ameliorated hyperalgesia, allodynia, motor deficits and prevented the structural abnormalities in sciatic nerves of diabetic rats. STZ neurotoxicity reduced antioxidant enzyme levels in sciatic nerves. Pregabalin treatment significantly ameliorated the decrease in antioxidant defence in diabetic rats. These results demonstrated neuroprotective effect of Pregabalin, which is mediated through attenuation of oxidative stress. The antioxidant mediated neuroprotective role along with its analgesic activity can prove it as a better option in prevention and treatment of Diabetic...
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Posted by admin on Oct 5, 2016 in |
The challenges to ensure proper preparation, storage, preservation and distribution of drugs are enormous. Very often, this results in the production and distribution of contaminated drugs. The study, therefore aimed to evaluate the prevalence of contaminating microorganisms in anti-malarial drugs sold in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. This was carried out using standard microbiological procedures which included total aerobic bacterial plate count, isolation and characterization of microbial contaminants and physical parameters analysis. It is evidence from the results that out of a total of 10 samples, only one sample was not contaminated by bacteria but for fungi, all the drugs sampled were contaminated. Bacillus subtilis was found to be the most prominent bacterial isolates with the frequency of occurrence of five (5) and 33.5%, followed by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with the same frequency of three (3) and 20.0%, Lactobacillus sp. had frequency of two (2) and 13.3%, and Sporolactobacillus had frequency of one (1) and 6.6% while only one of the anti-malarial drugs had no contamination, that...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
Aim of this study was to develop a HPTLC fingerprint profiles of Tinospora cordifolia stems powdered by different procedures viz; Sample 1 (fresh aqueous powder), 2 (freeze drying powder), 3 (aqueous freeze drying powder) and Sample 4 (dry powder). The study also includes qualitative, quantitative secondary metabolites and the antioxidant potential of all the samples. Result of various physiochemical and phytochemical screening shows a variation among all powdered stems. HPTLC profile revealed a similarity between the samples 1, 2 and 3 while sample 4 shows much lesser no. of constituents. TLC profile of all the samples followed a similar trend like HPTLC fingerprinting. Besides this, secondary metabolite profiles viz; total phenolics, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin and anthocyanidin content of these samples reveals that maximum phenolics and flavanoids content in sample 1 (51.5 µg GAE/mg Wt) and 3 (14.0 µg QE/mg Wt). However, sample 4 was greatly enriched with maximum proanthocyanidin (27.7 µg CE/mg Wt) and anthocyanidin (175 µg CE/mg Wt) contents. Antioxidant potential of these powders was evaluated by total antioxidant,...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
The seeds of Vitis vinifera have been shown to have antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial properties due to the presence of rich bioactive phenolic components like resveratrol. The research deals with the synthesis of silver nanobioconjugates from the methanolic extract of grape seeds and the pure compound resveratrol. The presence of resveratrol was confirmed by HPLC analysis in methanolic extract of various parts of grape fruits such as skin, pulp and seeds of two varieties (pink and black). As higher amount of resveratrol was present in the seed extract of pink grapes, it was selected for the silver nanobioconjugate synthesis. Various conditions were applied to influence the rapid reduction of Ag+ to Agο, such as microwave heating, water bath heating, sunlight exposure and incubation at 37οC for nanobioconjugate synthesis. The reduction of silver ions was confirmed by color changes, adsorption spectroscopy (280-800nm) and percentage yield. Among the four different methods, sunlight exposure proved to be rapid in the synthesis and the yield of nanobioconjugates was also high. Therefore, this method...
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