Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Back ground: Use of proper analgesics as adjuvant to balanced anaesthesia can calm the patient, reduce stress and decrease the need of higher doses of inhalation agents. Some examples of analgesics are opioids, NSAIDS, NDMA receptor antagonists (ketamine). Nalbuphine is a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic of the phenantherene series. We conducted this study with the aim to observe the effect of nalbuphine as an adjuvant to balanced anaesthesia on intra operative hemodynamics and analgesic requirement in perioperative period. Material and method: prospective, observational study was carried out in 70 adult patient of ASA grade II -III, aged 18 to 60 years, undergoing otolaryngorhinological surgeries. After informed consent patients were given routine premedication given with inj. Nalbuphine 0.1 mg/kg i.v. General anaesthesia was given and subsequent 1/5th doses of the drug administered at every 30 minutes intra operatively. Intra operative hemodynamic monitoring was done. In post-operative period inj. Diclofenac 1.5 mg/kg i.m as a rescue analgesic was given when VAS score was ≥ 4. Observation results: Maximum rise in pulse...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Background: Polyherbal formulation is the trend of modern pharmacognosy and holistic approach in the treatment of uncurable diseases such as cancer. Medicinal plants contain many bioactive compounds that give different pharmacological activities. Therefore, it is important to investigate the quality of new polyherbal formulation by identification of bioactive markers. Objective: To identify apigenin (1) , luteolin (2), b-sitosterol (9), 3’-hydroxy-5, 6, 7, 4’- tetra methoxy flavone (8), quercetin (3), vanillin(7), gallic acid (5), benzoic acid (6) and rutin (4) as biomarker from different fractions of the new polyherbal formulation of Clinacanthus nutans and Elephantopus scaber by RP-HPLC gradient method. Methods: A Shimadzu HPLC was utilized to perform the analysis which was equipped with an autosampler, column oven, and UV/VIS detector. An HPLC column used was Merck Licrochart Purospher Start RP 18 column (250mm, 4.6 mm i.d, 5μm pore size). The temperature was maintained at 40.0 ºC throughout the study. The mobile phase isocratic method with acetonitrile 100%. The flow rate was 0.5 mL min−1. Absorbance was observed at λ...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
The objective of the present research work was to conduct in vivo pharmacokinetic study of microemulsion based transdermal gel of glimepiride for evaluating the enhanced bioavailability. Saturation solubility studies of the drug were conducted in various solvents and oils. Labrafil M 1944 CS, Tween 80 and Transcutol P were used as oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactants respectively for the preparation of microemulsion based on the results from solubility studies. Surfactant to cosurfactant ratio was fixed as 1:2 in all the formulations. Microemulsion based gel was prepared using carbopol 934 as gelling agent and oil to smix ratio of 1:9. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies conducted in rabbits revealed that the bioavailability of microemulsion based gel was increased 5.4 times compared to oral suspension demonstrating avoidance of first pass metabolism and oral degradation. This indicates the effective management of plasma profile of glimepiride when it is administered as microemulsion based gel through transdermal...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
A simple and precise method was developed for the assay of azelnidipine from tablet formulation. The solvent system and wavelength were optimized in order to maximize the sensitivity of the proposed method, azelnidipine shows the maximum absorbance at 257 nm. The separation was achieved on HPLC binary gradient system equipped with HPLC 3000 series. The mobile phase was prepared with Methanol: Water (80: 20%v/v) o-phosphoric acid used for the pH adjustment (pH-3). The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD & LOQ of sample solution. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 20-100 µg/ml & gave mean correlation coefficient 0.998. The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be accurate, precise and was successful applied to a pharmaceutical tablet formulation for qualitative estimation of...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Present study is a systematic approach to provide ‘proof of concept’ for effective oral delivery of Rosuvastatin lipid nanocarriers for treatment of hyperlipidemia. Rosuvastatin is a ‘Superstatin’ belonging to BCS class II having low bioavailability (20%). Development of lipid nanocarriers for oral delivery of rosuvastatin can be beneficial in enhancing bioavailability and providing sustained release. In the current work, Rosuvastatin lipid nanocarriers were developed using Precirol® ATO 5 as lipid carrier and Tween® 80as surfactant, employing solvent emulsification-evaporation method. Investigation of effect of shear rate, solution temperature and concentration of organic solvent as process parameters were studied. Three-level two-factor(32) experimental design was applied to study the effect of lipidand surfactant on percent entrapment efficiency and particle size. Complete characterization of optimized formulation such as particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, TEM and in vitro release profile was carried out. Lipid nanocarriers exhibited mean particle size 79.31±4.82 nm, entrapment efficiency 81.29±1.11% and zeta potential -6.89±3.29 mV. In vitro diffusion of ROS from lipid nanocarriers using dialysis bag diffusion method provided...
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