Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Objective: The present work is aimed to screen phytochemicals, in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the non polar and polar extracts of Acacia sinuata. Methods: Leaves of Acacia sinuata– were collected, dried and powdered. The powdered material is subjected to soxhlet extraction using various polar to non polar solvents and allowed for evaporation. The crude extracts thus obtained were used for further screening of phytochemicals, in vitro antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activities. Results: Phytochemical evaluation of Acacia sinuata proved that most of the secondary metabolites are extracted in polar solvents than non polar solvent like hexane. All the extracts of the Acacia sinuata possess significant amount of phenols and flavonoids and they also showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Out of all the extracts of Acacia sinuata, methanol extracts showed better antibacterial, antifungal activity and antioxidant activity. Conclusion: The present work concluded that the methanol extract of Acacia sinuata was useful to develop new plant based dugs against various pathogenic bacteria as well as fungal...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) offers many advantages over HPLC. It reduces the cost of analysis as compared to HPLC. The mobile phase consumption per sample is extremely low in HPTLC, hence reducing the acquisition and disposal cost. Considering the cost and suitability of analysis for estimation of cinnarizine in bulk and its marketed formulation, HPTLC method was developed and validated. The Camag HPTLC system, employed with software win CATS (ver.1.4.1.8) was used for proposed analytical work. Planar chromatographic development was carried out with the help of Silica Gel 60 F254precoated TLC plates. Sample application was facilitated by Linomat 5 applicator. After sample application plates were subjected for ascending development in twin trough chamber of 10×10 cm dimension, using 10 ml of solvent system. The optimized mobile phase was composed of toluene: ethanol (7.5:2.5 v/v). In post development, the plates were air dried and then scanned densitometrically using a UV detector at 254 nm in absorbance mode. In HPTLC densitogram well defined peak was obtained for cinnarizine with...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
The present study explores the nutritional properties of R. mucronata leaves, an edible red mangrove which has been proven as an antidiabetic and as an alternative source of tea leaves and animal feed. Proximate composition, amino acid profiles and physico-chemical properties were analyzed to evaluate the nutritional property. Nutritional evaluation of R.mucronata illustrates it as a rich source of essential aminoacids and unsaturated fatty acid (alpha linoleic and linoleic acid). Total dietary fiber content, protein, ash, carbohydrate and lipid content was found to be 11.9 ± 0.2, 2.445 ± 0.179, 13.5 ± 0.0021, 79.277± 0.079 and 0.749 ± 0.049 % DW respectively. Mineral and vitamin analysis per 100 g (DW) showed the presence of sodium (80.804 ± 4.0 g), calcium (22.32± 1.1g), potassium (7.96 ± 3.9 g), iron (53.6 ± 0.5mg), magnesium (38.15 ± 0.38 mg) and Vitamin A (2.2 ± 0.02 mg), Vitamin C (3.23 ± 2.3g), Vitamin E (1.180± 1.8 g), vitamin B1 and B2 (18.04 ±0.1 and 0.89 ± 0.08 mg). Swelling, water-holding and oil-holding capacity...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
A series of 2,4-diaminotriazines were synthesized as Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) dihydrofolatereductase (DHFR) inhibitors. These derivatives were evaluated in whole cells by employing resazurinmicrotitre plate assay (REMA) against MtbH37Rv. Further, these were tested against other gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains to check specificity for Mtb. Cytotoxicity assessment was performed using HepG2 cell line and the compounds were found to be non-cytotoxic. The results indicated that some of the derivatives exhibited promising activity. The most active compound in the REMA assay was selected for DHFR enzyme assay against both the Mtb and human enzymes. The enzyme assay results indicated that this derivative exhibited selectivity towards the pathogenic enzyme. The most active compound in the whole cell assay against MtbH37Rv showed low cytotoxicity, was specific towards Mtb and displayed selectivity in the DHFR enzyme assay. Thus this study provides promising insight for design of potent and selective Mtb DHFR...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Bacteriological qualities of three different brands of chloroquine syrup (EZR, DMR and MBR) commonly sold in Calabar municipality, Nigeria were evaluated using standard microbiological techniques. Each brand was evaluated in duplicates and examined visually for possible abnormalities such as colour, turbidity and un-usual odour. This was followed by determination of viable cell count and identification of bacterial isolates. Chloroquine syrups sample EZR and MBR had mean bacterial count of 1.0x103cfu/ml respectively and DMR had 3.0x103cfu/ml. The isolates were staphylococcus aureus (47%), Escherichia coli (38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15%). All strain of S. aureus was sensitive to gentamycin (CN), ciprofloxacin (CPX), septin (SXT), Erythromycin (E) and resistance to Taravid (OFX), Amoxacillin (AM) and Ampicillin (AP). Escherichia coli strains isolated showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (CPX), Taravid (OFX) and septin (SXT) and was resistance to gentamycin (CN), Amoxacillin (AM) and Ampicillin (AP). P. aeroginosa strains were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (CPX) and Taravid (OFX), and was resistant to Gentamycin (CN). The colony forming unit (cfu) for the sample DMR found in the study...
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