Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
Background: Psychiatric disorders are one of the major causes of morbidity. Development of newer drugs like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and atypical antipsychotics has altered the treatment paradigms. Objective: To study drug utilization pattern of psychotropic drugs in psychiatric outpatient department. Material and Methods: After ethical approval six month observational, prospective study was conducted at tertiary care hospital, South India. Prescriptions containing at least one psychotropic drugs were included. Data was measured for number and percentage of prescriptions or drugs and using selected World Health Organization (WHO) drug use indicators. Microsoft excel was used to summarize and graph pad instat was used for analysis of data as appropriate.(P < 0.05). Results: 101 prescription contained 187drugs (1.851±0.8 per prescription) where 67.33% of prescriptions had more than 2 psychotropic drugs introducing psychiatric polypharmacy. Selected WHO drug use indicators showed some potential problems in prescriptions which can be improved. Antidepressants (41.49%) were prescribed more followed by sedative/hypnotics (34.69%), antipsychotics (16.3%) and antimaniac drugs (7.4%). Among antidepressants, Sertraline was highly prescribed followed by...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
Objective: To compare the drugs: Midazolam and diazepam as preoperative medication. Materials and methods: 100 patients aged between 18-60, scheduled for elective surgery were included in this comparative study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 each. Materials and methods: Patients received 0.08mg/kg body weight midazolam inject intramuscularly and diazepam 10 mg orally. Assessment of efficacy variables: anxiety, sedation and anterograde amnesia were rated before and after drug administration (at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after drug administration) before surgery. Finidings: It was found that there was significant difference in mean anxiety reduction (p<0.001). Immediately before taking to operation theatre i.e. 60 minutes after drug administration, 5 with diazepam and 13 with midazolam were highly sedated. Midazolam demonstrated the better sedative, amnesic and anti anxiety effects than diazepam. Conclusion: With respect to anxiolytic, sedative and anterograde amnesic properties, midazolam (0.08mg/kg intramuscularly) is better premedicant compared to diazepam (oral 10 mg) for patients at preoperative period. Diazepam is also a good premedicant and use of both drugs is...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
About 5 extract (hexane, acetone, ethanol, methanol, aqueous extraction) from the flowers of Mangifera indica was extracted. Ethanol extract was characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. Seven constituents from 7 peaks were identified. Icosanedioic acid monomethyl ester, nonadec-16-enyl-benzene, 1, 9 diphenyl nonane, icosane, octadecane, dodecanoic acid butyl ester, tetracosyl- benzene were identified. The antimicrobial activity of different extract was tested against human and plant pathogenic bacteria. Ethanol extract showed significant role on inhibiting almost all tested pathogenic organisms and antitubercular activities at various...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
Back ground: Agomelatine is a novel antidepressant which acts through a combination of agonistic actions at MT1 and MT2 subtypes of Melatonergic receptors and antagonistic actions at 5-HT2C subtype of serotonergic receptors. Objective: The study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Agomelatine in the treatment of Major depressive disorder. Method: A prospective study was conducted at outpatient department of Psychiatry, GSL Medical College & General hospital Rajahmundry, 76 outpatients between 18 to 65 yrs of age of either sex, who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for major depressive disorder and had a minimum depression score of 20 on HAM-D17 were assigned to 8weeks of treatment with Agomelatine (25-50 mg/day). The main efficacy outcome measured was HAM-D17 total score (change from baseline to last post-baseline assessment of 8 weeks). Secondary outcome measures were assessed on Clinical Global Impression- severity (CGI-S) and Clinical Global Impression–improvement (CGI-I) scales. Results: The study results showed that Agomelatine was effective in Major depressive disorder. HAM-D17 score reduced effectively from baseline to end of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
Targeted genome engineering provides the ability to precisely modify genetic information in order to study gene function, biological mechanisms, and disease pathology. Historically, random mutagenesis or low-efficiency homologous recombination were used to modify the genomes of cell lines or animal models. However, new advances in the design of sequence-specific endonucleases have enabled more effective, targeted editing of the genome. The most recent and fastest growing method for genome editing is based on the Clustered Regions of Interspersed Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) viral defense system found in bacteria and archaea. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is much easier to customize and optimize because the site selection for DNA cleavage is guided by a short sequence of RNA rather than an engineered protein as in the systems of zinc finger nucleases (ZFN), transcription activator–like effect or nucleases (TALEN), and meganucleases. Derived from a remarkable microbial defense system, Cas9 is driving innovative applications from basic biology to biotechnology and medicine. The simplicity of the CRISPR-Cas9 system has enabled its widespread applications in generating germline animal...
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