Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
The persistent prevalence of poor-quality medicines in resource-limited settings has contributed significantly to the alarming global trends in antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics are among the most used, abused and counterfeited medicines and therefore require regular monitoring and surveillance to provide reliable data for proper healthcare delivery. This study evaluated the quality of a total of 45 samples of Azithromycin, Erythromycin and Clindamycin distributed in Accra and Lagos by HPLC for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content and in-vitro dissolution for bioavailability. The results revealed that although all the samples contained the requisite API, only 27% were compliant with US Pharmacopoeia requirements for content. For Azithromycin and Clindamycin samples, the presence of excess API was the cause for non-compliance. Regardless of the high failure rate with respect to content, all Azithromycin samples exhibited good dissolution profiles, while 67% of Clindamycin and 36% of Erythromycin were compliant with in-vitro dissolution. These findings suggest that the population in the study sites and possibly in other parts of the sub regionis exposed to substandard antibiotics....
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic effect of various extracts from Phyllanthus emblica L. According to Ayurveda this plant has potent anticancer activity and hence, this study is targeted at screening potential cytotoxic extracts using a yeast system. Yeast has been used as a model organism for many preclinical drug screens. In this study phytochemical extraction has been done by three methods (sonication, low and elevated temperature systems) using six different solvent systems (aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, chloroform: methanol and water: methanol). The viability studies have been done using Methyl Thiazole Tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Aqueous extract at elevated temperature and water: methanol extract showed viability less than vinblastine. Further phytochemical analysis was done to identify major group of compounds present in each extract. It was concluded that flavonoids are present in extracts by doing TLC. HPTLC using standards was carried out and showed that at least two chemotherapeutic agents kaempferol and rutin were present. The data further indicates that kaempferol is major constituent...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
Cucumis callosus (Rottl.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae) is a highly branched very common prostate, perennial herb, distributed throughout India in the arid zones. Objective: To evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of C. callosus fruit in experimental animal model. Materials and methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in rats by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight). Three days after STZ induction, the hyperglycemic rats were treated with MECC at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight (p.o.) daily for 15 days. Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg, orally) was used as reference drug. The fasting blood glucose levels were measured on every 5th day during the 15 days of treatment. Serum biochemical parameters including lipid content were estimated. Results and discussion: MECC at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.01) and dose dependently reduced blood glucose levels towards normal as compared to that of STZ control group; the higher dose (400 mg/kg) being the most potent showing complete normalization of blood glucose levels. Serum biochemical parameters including lipid profile...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
Six new Phthalic acid amides of the general formula C8H5O3-NH-R were prepared by the reaction of Phthalic anhydride with various amines namely Glycine, N, N-diphenyl amine, 1-naphthyl amine, 4-amino toluene-3-sulphonic acid, Toluene-p-sulphonamide, m-nitro aniline. The synthesized compounds were characterized by using IR, 1HNMR & 13CNMR spectroscopy. Petra Osiris Molinspiration (POM) analyses revealed the significant bioactivity by elucidating the structural parameters in drug design of the synthesized compounds. In this work we have performed POM of our synthesized compounds to predict their drug like behaviour. Petra program package was used for the calculation of physiochemical properties of the organic compounds. On the basis of findings of Petra analyses reveals that our synthesized compounds have potential pharmacophores for antiviral and anti bacterial activities. Prediction of bioactivity by Molinspiration software calculates druglikeness score against GPCR ligands, ion channel modulators (ICM), kinase inhibitors (KI), nuclear receptor ligands (NRL), protease inhibitors (PI) and other enzyme inhibitors (EI). All synthesized compounds showed better activity against ICM, KI, PI and NRL as compared to the reference...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
Ascorbic acid is one of the essential and most vital medicines needed to maintain healthy living. Due to its non-availability through endogenous biosynthesis in humans, it is arguably one of the most consumed Over-The-Counter drugs. Thus, a simple, precise, low-cost and accurate reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method was developed and optimized to analyse for the percentage content of ascorbic acid in different brands of Vitamin C syrups. The chromatographic separation carried out on an ODS (C18) Ultra sphere column, 5µm (25cm x 2mm), was achieved with HPLC water and methanol as the mobile phase, pumped at a flow rate of 1ml/min and using an ultraviolet detector for detection. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 10-100µg/ml and the method was found to be specific as no interference peaks of impurities and excipients were observed. The method developed was used to assess the quality of fifty-five samples of different types of Vitamin C syrup. Among the samples assessed for their percentage content of ascorbic acid, 18.2% fell below...
Read More
