Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
The living organisms of the aquatic ecosystem have been directly affected by the accumulation of the heavy metals in the aquatic environment 1. Fishes are very good biosensors of aquatic contaminants and as bio-indicator species respond with great sensitivity to changes in the aquatic environment. Copper will accumulate in many different organs in fish and mollusks. In the present study the acute toxicity of copper sulphate was analyzed by the exposure of the copper sulphate to the fresh water fish Grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella) in the concentration of (3ppm/l for 15 days). The vital organs like Gill, Liver, and muscle tissues showed pronounced effect on the activity of enzymes. Copper sulphate administration decreases the activity of the antioxidants SOD (superoxide dismutase), and CAT (catalase), and the activity of the enzymes GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), GR (Glutathione reductase), GSH (Reduced Glutathione) to the significant level in all the tissues. The level of Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was increased in all the tissues compared to the control group. The decreased activity of antioxidants...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
A series of discrete mononuclear lanthanide(III) complexes of H2L1 [Ln(H2L1)(NO3)2]NO3.nH2O (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Y; n = 1 for Ce; n = 2 for La, Sm, Gd and Y; n = 3 for Pr, Nd, Eu, and Tb) have been prepared by the condensation of Schiff-bases with the precursor compounds namely, 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol, 1,5-diamino-3-azamethypentane and 4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine. All the mononuclear complexes have been prepared in situ by the step-wise condensation from the precursor compounds. The phenolate oxygen atom of the nucleating ligand behaves as a bridging group between the metal. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Visible, ESI mass spectra and magnetic studies. The yield of these complexes increases from lighter lanthanides to heavier lanthanides. The fluorescence studies were carried out for europium and terbium complexes. The results of elemental analysis of the complexes are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The complexes are soluble in methanol, chloroform, DMF, DMSO, and CH3CN. Conductivity studies reveal that all the complexes are 1:1...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Snakebite is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and is one of the major health problems in India. Russell’s viper (Daboia russelli) appears to be the commonest cause of fatal snakebite in many Asian countries and especially in the Indian subcontinent. Intravenous administration of anti venom serum neutralizes the systemic actions, but it is of little effect on the reversal of local symptoms and often induces adverse reactions, a context that drives the search for complementary treatments for snakebite accidents. Plant extracts with a range of antiophidian activities constitute an excellent alternative. The methanolic extracts of seeds of Pongamia pinnata, fruits of Piper longum and Sapindus laurifolius and leaves of Adhatoda zeylanica were tested for the snake venom neutralizing capacity using in vitro methods. The venom of Daboia russelii (Russell’s viper) was used to evaluate the antivenom activity of these extracts individually and in combinations. The parameters assessed were the neutralization of procoagulant activity, proteolytic activity and phospholipase A2 activity. All the extracts studied exhibited significant activity in...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
In the present investigation phenolic contents and antioxidant potential of Barleria prionitis L. leaf and stem extracts were analyzed by in vitro antioxidant assays and RP-HPLC method. The results indicated that high amount of total phenolics were present in acetone extracts of leaf (20.22±0.57 mg of GAE/g) and stem (21.19±1.25 mg of GAE/g). Highest flavonoid content was observed in ethanolic (44.23±2.82 mg of RE/g) and acetone extracts (44.94±0.85 mg of RE/g) of leaf, while stem extracts were poor in flavonoid contents. RP-HPLC method for determination of specific phenolic compounds was reported for the first time in B. prionitis L. Out of the phenolic compounds tested, Gallic acid was most common and more abundantly present in both leaf and stem of B. prionitis L. Aqueous extract of leaf showed highest extraction capacity for Gallic acid (211.70 μg/g) and Catechol (112.57 μg/g), while Caffeic acid (37.74 μg/g) and p-Coumaric acid (48.66 μg/g) were highest in methanolic extract. The present study indicated strong influence of extraction solvents and plant parts on antioxidant...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Objective: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorders rapidly rising in India. There are numerous classes of antipsychotic agents available. It is important to find out which are the most frequently prescribed antipsychotics in population subsets of various regions of the country. Similarly, it is also important to do apharmacoeconomic evaluation of such treatment. Thus the primary objective of the study was to observe the prescribing pattern and evaluate the average cost of antipsychotics used. Methods: The drug prescribing pattern was noted from the Psychiatry OPD of Modern Institute of Medical Science, Indore and cost analysis performed for the drugs used. The data from OPD card of patients was obtained in a structured study proforma. Results: In 6 months, 304 cases reviewed out of which 158(52%) cases were of Schizophrenia. The Female to Male ratio of patients was 1.24. The average drugs per prescription were 3.17.68% of patients were on monotherapy. Out of total antipsychotics prescribed, 35.39% were Typical and 64.61% were Atypical Antipsychotics. Most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs were Olanzapine...
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