Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is an abnormal fistulous tract that extends between the bladder and the vagina – thus allowing the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault of the affected patient. This study evaluated presumptively the prevalence and antibiogram of pathogenic bacteria isolated from pre- and post-surgery VVF patients. Urine samples were collected in duplicates from the VVF patients; and these were bacteriologically analyzed using cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar. Susceptibility studies were carried out on the isolated pathogens using the disk diffusion method. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, S. pyogenes and S. aureus were the most isolated bacteria from the urine samples of pre- and post-surgery VVF patients. The organisms showed highest levels of resistance to ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, cefuroxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline. With the exception of some S. aureus isolates, all the organisms including K. pneumoniae, E. coli and S. aureus were completely resistant to imipenem. However, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin showed appreciable levels of antimicrobial efficacy against...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Brhanmanjisthadi Kvatha Curna (BRH) an Ayurvedic preparation, is used as a traditional medicine in filariasis in the northern part of the country. After 45 consecutive days of chronic administration of the BRH preparation in rats its toxicological aspects was studied. In the study the total protein content in the plasma was increased (2.80 %) in BRH treated male rats in comparison to their control male groups. The result showed no significant difference between the control and the BRH treated groups, yet the increase was noticeable (p=0.072). But the albumin content was significantly (p<0.001) increased (17.11 %) in BRH treated male rats & the increase was statistically very highly significant. In the female rats group the total protein (6.80 %) and the albumin content in the plasma were also increased in comparison to their control groups. A statistically very highly significant (p<0.001) increase was noted (15.09 %) only in the case of albumin. In this investigation, none of the changes in terms of the Lipid profile, namely Triglycerides (2.18 %...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
The objective of the present investigation was to study the complexation of silymarin, a poorly water soluble herbal drug, with β-cyclodextrin alone and in the presence of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to evaluate the feasibility of enhancing the solubility and dissolution rate of silymarine. Phase solubility study and kneading method was employed to develop and formulate solid inclusion complexes. Solid inclusion complexes of silymarin –β-cyclodextrin in 1:1 molar ratio were prepared with and without carboxymethyl cellulose by kneading method. Obtained binary and ternary complexes were evaluated for solubility dissolution and physical nature by FTIR, XRD and NMR. The aqueous solubility of silymarin was linearly increased as a function of the concentration of β-cyclodextrin alone and in the presence of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Beta cyclodextrin formed binary molecular inclusion complexes with silymarin in1:1 molar ratio as revealed by phase solubility diagram. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in ternary complexes has resulted in 2.37 and 1.66 fold enhancements in complexation and solubilizing efficiencies of β-cyclodextrin respectively. Dissolution rate of silymarin in binary and ternary...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Pressure ulcer (PU) is a complex and multifactor disease in which the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to risk of a delay in healing. An imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems has been suggested to be implicated in the physiopathology of PU. Polymorphisms in TNF-α gene are emerging as key determinants of many diseases. The TNF-α (-238 and -308) G/A single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most extensively studied. This study aimed to assess the value of serum pro-oxidant and antioxidant levels and to determine the role of a TNF-α gene SNPs in the pathogenesis of PU. 100 Tunisian subjects suffering of PU and 213 controls were admitted. Oxidant status was evaluated by the measure of homocysteine and thiobarbituric reactive oxygen substances. Antioxidant status was evaluated by the measure of total antioxidant status, serum catalase activity and trace elements. G308A and G238A variants of TNF-α gene were screened by AS-PCR and RFLP-PCR. Our results suggest that the unbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants seems to be more aggravated in patients suffering...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize an oral sustain release drug delivery system for commonly prescribed antipsychotic Quetiapine fumarate. Hydrophilic matrix based tablets using different concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) viz. K4M CR was developed using dry granulation technique. The prepared tablets were of 400 mg dose and were designed for once- daily administration. The formulations prepared were evaluated for the release of Quetiapine fumarate over a period of 24 hrs. Using USP type I dissolution test apparatus. The prepared tablets were evaluated for physical properties. The in- vitro drug release studies revealed that the tablets containing 12% of HPMC K4M CR of the total tablet weight showed satisfactory results and was able to control the release over 20 hrs. The in-vitro release data of prepared formulations followed Korsmeyer- Peppas and Higuchi kinetics strongly. The selected formulation was compared with the marketed product for the drug release pattern and was matched using similarity factor (f2) above 50. The selected formulation was evaluated in comparison...
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