Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Several 3, 6-substituted – [1,2,4] Triazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4] Thiadiazole}-2H-Chromen-2-ones(5a-5j) have been synthesized from ethyl-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate (1) through a multistep reaction sequence. Compound 1 reacted with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of ethanol to give 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide (2) which on treatment with carbon disulphide and methanolic potassium hydroxide yielded corresponding potassium dithiocarbazates (3). They were then converted in to 3-(4-amino-5-sulfonyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl)-2H-chromene-2-one (4) by refluxed with aqueous hydrazine hydrate. The title compounds 5a-5j was prepared by condensing 4 with various substituted aromatic acids in the presence of phosphorus oxy chloride. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by the physical (melting point and TLC) and spectral (IR, 1NMR, 13C NMR and MASS) data. All the compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and anti-tubercular activities. The antimicrobial activity was examined against four types of bacteria by cup plate method. Compounds 5b, 5c, 5g, 5e & 5a showed maximum activity at both 50 and 100µg/ml concentrations. Compounds 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5g, 5h & 5i showed significant activity against ATCC 27294 H37 RV strain and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the determination of Temozolomide in rat plasma using paracetamol as internal standard. The chromatographic separation was carried out with an isocratic elution using mobile phase consisting of 0.5% glacial acetic acid and methanol. Plasma samples were run at a flow-rate of 1 ml/min using a kromasil C18(4.6×250mm) column and ultraviolet detection at a wavelength of 265nm. The retention times of Temozolomide and paracetamol were found to be 6.92 and 11.2 minutes respectively. The linearity of the method was achieved over the concentration range of 10-60µg/ml demonstrated good linearity with correlation coefficient 0.999. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, recovery in compliance to international regulatory...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Ropivacaine is a promising drug for subarachnoid block because of its lower cardiotoxic and neurotoxic potential, but onset and duration of anaesthesia is also low and motor block is often insufficient which may lead to use of its higher doses. The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to see whether the addition of small dose clonidine to small dose ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia prolonged the duration of postoperative analgesia while minimizing the side effects associated with higher doses of ropivacaine. We randomized 60 patients to 2 groups receiving intrathecal isobaric ropivacaine 18 mg (2.4 ml) combined with normal saline (Group R) or clonidine 30 μg (Group RC); all solutions were diluted with saline to 2.6 ml. We compared block characterstics, hemodynamic changes, post-operative analgesia and adverse effects of both the groups. Results showed that clonidine not only significantly reduced the onset time both of sensory and motor block, but also prolonged the duration. Hypotension and bradycardia was more with clonidine group during first hour. The addition of clonidine...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Roghan-e-Narjeel (coconut oil) is extracted from dried Maghz-e-Narjeel (coconut kernels) which is derived from coconut (Cocosnucifera L.) tree. It is used extensively in tropical countries especially India, Srilanka and Philippines. The oil contains 92% of saturates consisting of medium chain fatty acids in the form of triglycerides containing lauric acid in large amount, and about 8% of unsaturates consisting of oleic and linoleic acids as triglycerides. The oil is colourless and has odour typical of the coconuts. It plays an important role in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, infections (viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal), wounds and obesity. These effects of oil can be attributed to the presence of lauric acid, capric acid and caprylic acid. The aim of this review paper is to highlight the physico-chemical and pharmacological properties of Roghan-e-Narjeel (coconut oil) according to modern as well as unani...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
The adverse drug reaction (ADR) programme in India, targeted all healthcare professionals to report the ADRs, however the response is very limited. The ADR reporting is much concentrated to hospital settings and the community pharmacies are unaware of this change. This study was conducted to assess the attitude, knowledge and behaviour of community pharmacists to ADR related aspects. A prospective study carried out over six months, self-prepared validated questionnaire was used. Awareness programme was conducted and a feedback questionnaire was provided. Improvement was seen after awareness programme. The response rate obtained was 93.7%. Pharmacist realizes the benefit a patient can obtain if an ADR is reported and some had noticed ADR. Few pharmacists knew about Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) as a centre for reporting ADRs. Majority of pharmacists would direct the patients to the physician, in case of occurrences of ADR. According to 26.67% of the pharmacists in the study, busy schedule is considered as a vital factor for under-reporting an ADR.86.67% claimed that the application of...
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