Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
An hitherto new unreported [16]-membered dioxadiazanapthaldehyde based macrocyclic ligand (L) 2,11-dioxa-23,30-diaza heptacyclo [30.4.0.0 4, 9.0 12, 21. 0 14, 19. 0 24, 29. 0 34, 39]-tetraconta-12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40-pentadecaene, has been synthesized by two different synthetic routes each involving two stages. 2-Hydroxy-1-Napthaldehyde in the presence of potassium carbonate was treated with α,α’-dibromo-o-xylene to yield the dial derivative(I). The dial derivative(I) was further made to undergo Schiff base condensation with 1,2-diaminobenzene to yield the bright yellow macrocycle (L) in good yield. In the second method the Schiff base condensed product Napthaloph was synthesized and allowed to undergo Williamson’s condensation with α,α’-dibromo-o-xylene to yield the ligand (L). The neutral sixteen membered tetradentate dioxadiaza ligand(L) readily complexes with Co(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) perchlorate salts in 1:1 mole ratio to yield complexes of formulae [Co(L)X2]ClO4, [Ni(L)X2], [Cu(L)X]ClO4, (X = Cl–, Br– and NO3–). The complexes were also synthesized by the metal template method. The yield of the template procedure was found to...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2015 in |
Introduction: Greater palatine foramen is located at the either posterior angle of hard palate. It helps for the transmission of the descending palatine vessels and greater palatine nerves. Location of greater palatine foramen varies in different skulls in some it is present near the 3rd molar teeth or near 2nd molar or between 2nd and 3rd molar. Aim: To study about the morphometric analysis of the greater palatine foramen in South Indian skulls at saveetha dental college. Methods: The study is done in about 50 dry South Indian skulls. The dimension between greater palatine foramen to incisive fossa, middle saggital suture & posterior border of hard palate is to be taken. And the dimensions are taken using a metre scale and vernier caliper. Reasons for the study: It is important for maxillofacial and dental surgeons for giving anaesthesia in various dental procedures. Blocking of maxillary division of trigeminal nerve during local anaesthesia is a common practice in maxillofacial surgery, variation in position of greater palatine foramen poses difficulty in...
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Posted by admin on Oct 30, 2015 in |
The present investigation was carried out to determine the presence of volatile, bioactive, phytocomponents in the leaf ethanolic extract of Gynochthodes umbellata (Syn. Morinda umbellata) belonging to the family Rubiaceae, using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Gynochthodes umbellata is an important medicinal plant widely used in traditional system of medicine. Literature survey revealed that till date, no work has been reported on GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract of Gynochthodes umbellata leaves. The mass spectrum of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 32 compounds. Sterols, stanols and Terpenoids were the most prominent compounds detected in leaf ethanolic extract of this plant. The major compounds detected were 9,19-Cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol (16.09%), 2,5,5-Triphenyl-4-methoxyimidazole (10.87%), β-Sitosterol (8.81%), Stigmast-4-en-3-one (7.26%), Phytol (5.62%). The compounds were identified by comparing their retention time and peak area with that of literature and by interpretation of mass...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2015 in |
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-oxidant and anticancer activity of methanol extract and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract of Symplocos racemosa bark against the hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials and methods: DPPH and H2O2 free radical scavenging assay were tested for determining the anti-oxidant activity. Rat normal liver cells (BRL-3A) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) cells were tested in-vitro for cytotoxicity using (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. Result: Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract of Symplocos racemosa bark exhibited significant DPPH and H2O2free radical scavenging activity withIC50 value (µg/ml) of 10.58 and 11.89 as compared to standard drug ascorbic acid. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract of Symplocos racemosa bark exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) cells in-vitrowithIC50 value (µg/ml) of 32.55 as compared to standard doxorubicin (55.43µg/ml), and not affected the normal liver (BRL-3A) cells. Conclusion: Symplocos racemosa bark showed the potent anti-oxidant and anticancer activity. It may be due to presence of phytochemicals which are responsible for the anticancer...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2015 in |
In this study, we assessed the availability, cost and affordability of essential antibiotics for paediatrics in a semi-rural region in Tanzania. Data were collected from 1 Medical Stores Department (MSD), 8 public hospitals, 30 Private Pharmacies and 30 Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDO`s). The median price of tracer medicines and average stock-out days of per year were used to assess the cost and availability of medicines in the health facilities, respectively. The salary of the lowest paid unskilled government worker and national poverty line income were used to assess affordability of medicines. The median availability of the lowest-price generics of essential antibiotics for paediatrics in the pharmacies, ADDO’s and public hospitals was 59.09%, 62.5%, and 45.5%, respectively. At MSD, only 13 out of the 22 antibiotics were in stock at the time of survey. The median stock out days was 124 days per year. The median price ratios (MPRs) of retail patient’s prices for 20 generic antibiotics were 1.774 for 30 pharmacies, while for 8 generic antibiotics in 30...
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