Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Heterocyclic compounds containing triazole ring are important targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry because this key moiety in responsible for numerous biological activity. An efficient method for synthesis of novel derivatives of Substituted-1,2,4-triazolo phenyl quinolone was adopted by reacting various substituted aniline and cinnamic acid. The synthesized derivatives were designed to have an electron donating and electron with drawing groups to figure out which group is influencing probable pharmacological activity. During designing of the scheme the site of action for activity i.e. disruptions of bacterial cell wall in case of bacteria and interfering with enzymes (cytochrome p450) required for cell membrane synthesis for fungal inhibition was targeted. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were established by their Elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were then evaluated for their antimicrobial potentials using standard drug fluconazole and clotrimazole for antifungal activity and ampicillin anhydride for antibacterial activity. Moderate to good antimicrobial activity was presented by the targeted final derivatives (3a-3j) against pathogenic fungal...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Nephropathy is an important comorbidity associated with diabetes leading to chronic kidney disease. We studied the effect of Ocimum sanctum in comparison to Olmesartanmedoxomil, Pitavastatin and their combination in prevention of this comorbidity. Male Wistar rats were given streptozotocin to induce diabetes and randomly divided into groups. Group 1 (Control group) received Metformin (94.5mg/kg/day)+Distilled Water, Group 2 received Metformin (94.5mg/kg/day) +Ocimum sanctum (250 mg/kg/day), Group 3 received Metformin (94.5mg/kg/day) + Olmesartanmedoxomil(1.80 mg/kg/day), Group 4 received Metformin (94.5mg/kg/day) + Pitavastatin (0.18 mg/kg/day) and Group 5Metformin (94.5mg/kg/day) + Olmesartanmedoxomil (1.80 mg/kg/day) + Pitavastatin (0.18 mg/kg/day). The effects of Metformin alone and with Ocimum sanctum, Olmesartanmedoxomil, Pitavastatin and their combination on blood glucose and renal function test parameters were assessed. All groups showed decrease in fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin. Serum urea and creatinine were increased in the Control group. However, significant improvement in all the parameters studied were seen when Ocimum sanctum, Olmesartan or Pitavastatin were added. Histopathological examination of kidney showed mesangial proliferation, tubular swelling, thickened glomerular basement membrane,...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Solubility is considered as the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for achieving required pharmacological response. Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is poorly soluble belongs to BCS class II. The drug is rapidly absorbed following oral administration, with a bioavailability approximately 26%. Liquisolid technique was used to enhance the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate to obtain faster on set of action, minimize the variability in absorption, and improve its oral bioavailability. The aim of the present study was to develop Olmesartan medoxomil liquisolid tablets using Quality by Design (QbD) approach to screen the effect of four formulation and process factors on the formulation. OLM liquisolid tablets were prepared by Liquisolid technique. Plackett-Burman (PB) design was used to screen the effect of four formulation and process factors to improve solubility and bioavailability. The liquisolid formulation were characterized by pre and post compression parameters, DSC, XRD, SEM, and in-vitro drug release. Excipients like Neusilin US2, Aerosil 200, PEG 400 and Primojel showed an influential effect on the selected...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
Aim of the present study was a comparative evaluation of antianxiety activity of three traditionally used medicinal plants — Argyreia speciosa (Roots), Caesalpinia digyna (Roots) and Sphaeranthus indicus (Flowers). The activity of various extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water) of all the three plants was evaluated using elevated plus-maze model. The studies were conducted on lacca mice, and the test materials were administered per oral route. Results indicate that the ethanol extract of C. digyna roots exhibited maximum and significant dose dependent effect at 200 and 400 mg/kg on elevated plus-maze, the results were comparable to the standard antianxiety drug diazepam (2...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2015 in |
The pharmacological activity of Withenia somnifera commonly called Ashwagandha, a herb having multi-medicinal properties, was investigated against carbofuran exposed hepatic anomalies in the air breathing fish Clarias batrachus. Fishes were exposed to 1 mg/L carbofuran for three weeks to induce the toxic effects. These fishes were then fed with Withenia somnifera root extract mixed pelleted feed @ 10% of the total feed ingredients for the next 6th and 8th week respectively. The histopathological examination of hepatic tissues was done on light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Major changes attributed to the hepatic cells after carbofuran treatment showed irregular shape of hepatic cells, increased sinusoidal spaces, rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretary granules, dilated mitochondrial cristae and presence of kupffer cells. Amoeboid nucleus with increased heterochromatin material, granular nucleoplasm and enlargement of nucleolus, were some of the prominent histopathological alteration in the liver tissue after carbofuran toxicity at transmission electron microscope (TEM) level. The histopathological examination of liver cell of carbofuran exposed fish followed by administration of W.somnifera root extract mixed pelleted...
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