Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
In organic chemistry, the largest families of organic compounds belong in the heterocyclic compounds. In our daily life, the importance of heterocyclic compounds is very essential. It has a broad range of applications in medicinal chemistry. Benzotriazole is a bicyclic heterocyclic system consisting of three nitrogen atoms and a fused benzene ring, shows wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Benzotriazole has been a matter of discussion among the scientific community due to its potential characteristics and touched areas such as medicinal, pharmacological, industrial, etc. Benzotriazole derivatives have shown several pharmacological activities, which are antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anthelmintic, antidepressant, antioxidative, antitubercular, antiviral, anticorrosive, plant growth inhibitor, anti-inflammatory,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Currently, oral drug delivery and parenteral drug delivery are used for the treatment of various diseases. In the oral drug delivery system, due to the first-pass metabolism and acidic environment of the gastrointestinal route, the drug exposes to acids and enzymes present in the gastrointestinal tract, which may lead to degradation of the compound, which ultimately results in poor bioavailability of the molecule. On the other hand, the parenteral drug delivery system has its own disadvantages as it is invasive and needs skilled personnel for administration. To overcome these problems, the transdermal drug delivery system is introduced as a novel approach, and recently there is tremendous interest in transdermal drug delivery systems. A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch winch that is placed onto the skin to deliver the appropriate dose of the drug through the skin and directly into the bloodstream. In this, transdermal patches are prepared for drug penetration through the skin layer (Stratum corneum barrier). To avoid the stratum corneum barrier, the microneedle-based transdermal drug...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Gene targeting has been a promising drug delivery system, thereby helping to improve the impaired functioning in various disorders. “Lipoplexes” and “Polyplexes” incorporates lipids and polymers combined with bioactive molecules, drugs, or genes are one of the newly developing systems. The need to protect genes from degradation, allowing them to reach their target site and to promote an efficient endosomal escape, to achieve this, the delivery system has been developed. Formulation studies and clinical trials are carried out on these systems, and they are found to be very useful in the treatment of various disorders such as Cancer, Parkinsonism, Cystic Fibrosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Antisense Therapy, and others. The major advantage of these systems over existing liposomal delivery is that they have gene silencing activity and are highly non-immunogenic & non-viral techniques of delivering genes to the target site. Encapsulating the drug within the lipids or the polymers and targeting them at the specific site reduces the non-specific reactions. The current review article focuses on the formation, mechanism of action,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Background: Cardiometabolic syndromes are the co-occurrence of metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Cardiometabolic disorders includes type2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders are growing in epidemic proportions all over the world; hence cardiometabolic disorders are a major health problem in developing as well as in developed countries. It has been observed in the previously reported clinical studies that deficiency of vitamin D is a highly prevalent risk factor in the patients with cardiometabolic disorders and it has been suggested that deficiency of vitamin D has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. Aim: To reveal the role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiometabolic disorders and the opportunity of vitamin D supplementation as vital therapy in cardiometabolic disorders. Methods: We performed a systematic review based on available literature of vitamin D deficiency in cardiometabolic disorders using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Willey online library databases up to November 2020. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency has a...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Chronotherapeutic systems are meant for the treatment of most of the diseases that occurred and found till date, which are proved to be in association with the biological/circadian rhythms of our body with respect to disease symptoms and their severity. Such diseases use this treatment as it involves in-vivo drug availability with distinctive release patterns so as to match the rhythms of disease and achieve optimized therapeutic outcomes with minimized side effects. The specific time at which patients take their medications is taken into consideration as it is the main reason for the treatment success. There is a synchronization of pharmacodynamics and pharmacologic activity of drugs with that of the biological clock, so variations in disease state and plasma drug concentration are taken into consideration during the development of this drug delivery system. Various novel technologies are employed in developing Chronotherapeutic devices and dosage forms, some are available in the market already, and many others are yet to arrive. The main objective of this review is to explore the...
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