Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
In the present work, an attempt was made to study the effect of isobaric hypoxic hypoxia (10%) on rat brain. Since literatures support generation of free radicals during post ischemic/hypoxic period, here hypoxia followed by reoxygenation is dealt with as the single problem. Subsequently, as brain shows regional variations in its function and metabolic activities an attempt was made to study effect of hypoxia reoxygenation in five brain regions i.e. cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla, hippocampus and hypothalamus. The changes in the antioxidant defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation levels in brain associated with hypoxia-reoxygenation was analyzed in this study. Antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation levels showed a significant (P< 0.0001) regional variation among the five brain regions chosen for the study. Interestingly, the hippocampus region of the rat brain depicted the lowest SOD and GPx activity and highest level of lipid peroxidation. Hypoxia (10%) for 3 hours brought about significant decrease (P<0.05) in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione...
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Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
Purpose: Miconazole nitrate is a widely used antifungal agent but its use in topical formulation is not efficacious because deep ereated fungal infections are difficult to treat with conventional topical formulation. The purpose of this study was to prepare miconazole incorporated different novel carriers such as liposomes, ethosomes and to compare their in vitro skin permeation studies with plane ointment using skin model. Methods: In vitro release studies of miconazole from the liposomal and ethosomal suspension incorporated ointment to an aqueous receptor phase through pig skin was analyzed spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 272nm. Results: In vitro skin permeation study results showed that the steady state fluxes of drug was higher in case of ethosomal suspension incorporated ointment as compared to liposomal ointment. Conclusions: Hence ethosomes shows better skin permeation as compared to...
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Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
Mercury is a naturally occurring element that may exist in elemental, inorganic or organic form and in various oxidation states. Mercury is widely used in thermometers, thermostats, mercury arc lamps, mercury vapor lamp, mirror, extracting gold and silver from ores, electric rectifiers, dental amalgams for filling teeth, ointments, disinfectants, antiseptics, etc. while inorganic mercury salt i.e. mercuric chloride is commonly used in agriculture as fungicide. Mercury may enter inside the body through inhalation, skin contact or ingestion by contaminated food or water. Antioxidants are chemicals that diffuse free radicals and other damaging molecular fragments in the body. During normal cellular metabolism, damaging byproducts is created. Antioxidants counteract these cellular byproducts, called free radicals and bind with them before they can cause damage. If left unchecked, free radicals may cause heart damage, cancer, cataract and a weak immune system. Vitamin E is an antioxidant for the present study, an essential fat-soluble vitamin which includes eight naturally occurring compounds. The most active form of Vitamin E is α-Tocopherol. In the present...
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Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
In the present study Momordica dioica Roxb willd (Cucurbitaceae) fruit pulp was successively extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol. All extracts were vacuum dried to yield the respective extracts. All extracts were evaluated by non-narcotic models like acetic acid induced writhing syndrome test and narcotic models like hot plate for its analgesic activity in doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg in mice body wt. All petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts gives significant exhibited analgesic activity in acetic acid induced writhing syndrome and hot plate when compared to the vehicle treated control group. But among them petroleum ether and methanol extract gives more significant exhibited analgesic activity than ethyl acetate...
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Posted by admin on Sep 15, 2010 in |
Flurbiprofen is a water insoluble non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug and belongs to BCS Class II categories. Solid dispersion is a technique by which we can improve it water solubility. By the help of fast dissolving formulation we can evaluate the effectiveness of solid dispersion. In this research work the solid dispersion of flurbiprofen with polymer like PVP K25, PVP K30, PVP K29-32, and PEG 6000 in different ratio (1:1 -1:5) were formulated the optimized batch was selected on the basis of dissolution test and other evaluation parameter like IR, DSC, TLC, etc. Fast dissolving tablets were formulated of optimized solid dispersion batch by direct compression method using superdisintegrants like crosspovidone, crosscarmellose sodium (2.5% to 77%). The prepared tablets were found to comply with various official specifications. The dissolution release rate from all optimized batches were studied and found to be 99.9% in 4 minutes in case of formulation containing 60% of...
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