Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
Covid-19 associated mucormycosis rose sharply during India’s 2nd wave of coronavirus infections. The administration of immunosuppressive drugs led to increased susceptibility of patients to oppurtunistic diseases like mucormycosis. One of the causative species of mucormycosis is Rhizopus microsporus. For this study, we choose two chalcones and examined their ability to act as potential anti-mucormycosis agents by inhibiting the R. microsporus endo β-1,4-Mannanase protein. We studied their possibility to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease and RNA dependent RNA polymerase. The chalcones were docked against the proteins of interest using Autodock 4.0 followed by Molecular dynamics simulation. Our study revealed that 2’, 4’-dihydroxychalcone had the best docking with the endo β-1,4-Mannanase protein with steady root mean square deviation values and showed favourable docking with the SARS-CoV-2 proteins while passing all the drug likeliness filters. Thus 2’, 4’-dihydroxychalcone can be put through further verification to test its efficacy against the causative agents of mucormycosis and the Covid-19...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
The objective of the present investigation was to develop an alginate-HPMC K4M microbead-based gastro-retentive drug delivery system incorporating Famotidine for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. The 32 full factorial designs were used for the optimization of famotidine-loaded floating microbeads. Two factors were evaluated, each at 3 levels; experimental trials were performed for all nine possible combinations. The amount of HPMC K4M (X1) and rotations of stirring speed (X2) were selected as independent variables. The % entrapment efficiency, % drug release at 12 hr, and % buoyancy were selected as dependent variables. The morphological properties, mean particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading, in-vitro buoyancy studies, in-vitro drug release, and in-vivo antiulcer activity of microbeads were all investigated. The effect of formulation variables on the response variables was statically evaluated by applying ANOVA at a 0.05 level using the software Design Expert® 13 (Stat-Ease, USA). The average size of optimized alginate-HPMC K4M microbeads was 0.86±0.35mm, with estimated entrapment effectiveness of 71.43± 0.21%, cumulative drug release of 98.75± 0.50% and percent...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
Inflammation is considered a primary physiologic defense mechanism that helps the body to protect itself against infection, burn, toxic chemicals, allergens, or other noxious stimuli. Inflammatory diseases are currently treated with steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Unfortunately, both of these widely prescribed drug classes have significant negative side effects. Hence, there is a need to develop new drugs with novel modes of action that do not produce considerable side effects. The use of traditional medicine and medicinal plants in most developing countries as a normative basis for the maintenance of good health, has been widely observed. So, crude flavonoid fraction of Mitragyna parvifolia was screened for anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan induced method and Formalin induced method at various doses (50,100 &200 mg/kg), and the results were compared with standard drug diclofenac sodium (20 mg/kg). It showed significant activity at 200 mg/kg. The Crude flavonoid fraction was also screened for antioxidant activity at various concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80,100μg/ml) using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The antioxidant activity...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
Insulin is commonly administered to diabetic patients sub-cutaneously and has shown poor patient compliance. The problem lies with the delivery of proteins and peptides to the body, for which oral, transdermal, vaginal, rectal, and pulmonary routes have been explored for proteins like insulin. Still, so far subcutaneous route has delivered the best results. This results in fear of the patients due to the prick caused by the subcutaneous delivery. To overcome these nuances, work has been carried out on delivering insulin orally. Different molecules have been extensively studied to deliver insulin orally. This review article covers the various materials exploited for the delivery of peptides like insulin, viz. polymers, nanoparticles, liposomes, and many more that have been evaluated as a vehicle for the oral delivery of insulin. Polymers that are naturally obtained like chitosan and its subsidiaries, alginates, γ-PGA based materials, starch-based nanoparticles, and manufactured polymers like PGLA, P(MAA-g-EG), PLA, PEA Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Targeted Nanoparticles and Gold Nanoparticles have been discussed for a better understanding...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
Lassa fever is a serious viral haemorrhagic illness caused by Lassa virus, a family of Arenaviridae. This haemorrhagic fever has become rampant in West Africa especially in Sierra Leone, the Republic of Guinea, Liberia and Nigeria, through exposure to food or household items contaminated with urine or faeces of infected Mastomys rats. There has been no vaccines or particular antiviral agents/drugs against the treatment of Lassa fever, but some drugs such ribavirin, lacidipine, phenothrin and remdesvir are being used in the early stage of the illness. The goal of the present work was to use in-silico methods via molecular docking and ADMET properties to assess the effectiveness of these drugs alongside the botanical drugs (Bergamottin and Casticin) found in grapefruits and Artemisia annua. The results showed that Remdesvir possesses outstanding inhibitory action against nucleoprotein (NP) of the Lassa virus, although Phenothrin and Casticin were active against 3MWP, Lacidipine and Casticin were active against 3MWT, 3MX5 and 3T5Q and Bergamottin, and Casticin were against 3T5N and 4FVU; Thus Remdesvir and...
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