Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2023 in |
Orphan drugs are used to treat rare diseases that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. Development and approval of orphan drugs are challenging due to the limited patient population and substantial development costs; the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established several programs, such as the Orphan Drug Designation program and Orphan Product Grants program to encourage the development of medications that treat rare diseases, the rare pediatric disease voucher program supports research and growth of rare diseases that affect pediatric populations, the humanitarian use device program regulates medical devices associated with rare diseases, the main aim of these incentives is to provide financial and regulatory support to sponsors. Overall, the regulatory framework in United States offers a supportive environment for drug manufacturers in developing and approving orphan products; these initiatives ensure that patients with rare diseases have access to safe and effective treatments. United States is one of the top leaders in developing orphan drugs and continues to play a critical role in the...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2023 in |
Anxiety is a negative emotional state marked by tension, unease, and emotions of concern and fear. Across the globe, women are more likely than males to suffer from anxiety disorders. Insomnia, cold or sweaty hands and/or feet, shortness of breath, an inability to be steady and calm, dry mouth, numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, nausea, abdominal discomfort, dizziness, pins and needles, feelings of losing control, heart palpitations, pins, and needles are just a few symptoms of anxiety disorders. Many systems indicate that when someone is anxious, they exhibit a variety of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral symptoms. Anxiety is brought on by aberrant chemoreceptor responsiveness and unusual neurochemical behavior. Many neurotransmitters, including gamma-amino butyric acid, serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), glutamate, and others, are involved in anxiety. Some have an excitatory or an inhibitory effect. Several promising medications that may be helpful in the treatment of anxiety disorders have been identified via research in the field of herbal pharmacology. Unfortunately, there hasn’t been a thorough examination of plant-based...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2023 in |
Aim & Background: Body fluids are sent to clinical microbiology laboratory for culture to find the etiological agent causing the infection. This study was conducted to compare the culture results of sterile body fluids processed simultaneously by both conventional method and BACTEC blood culture system. Methods: Sterile body fluids except blood were included in the study. A total of 61 body fluid samples were received and simultaneously processed by both the culture methods-conventional and BACTEC. Results: In this study, overall culture positivity for BACTEC was 85.25% as compared to 59.02% by conventional system. According to the results of our study, the overall culture positivity was increased by 26.23% by BACTEC method than the conventional method. BACTEC blood culture system detected more pathogenic isolates (52.45%) than the routine conventional culture method (21.31%) and it was found to be statistically significant (p value=<0.005). The most common pathogenic micro-organisms detected by conventional and BACTEC methods in this study were Gram-negative followed by Gram-positive. The mean time to detection of pathogenic isolates by...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2023 in |
Objective: The present investigation aims to develop pH-independent mucoadhesive pellets using the extrusion-spheronization procedure and the inter-polyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) of Chitosan-Carbopol 71G. Miconazole was used as a representative drug in this study. Materials and Method: It was found that the composition of the formulation impacts the extrusion of the prepared dough mass. The generation of pellets within a narrow size range was also studied as a function of spheronization speed and time. The precipitation method was utilized to create IPEC. Compatibility between the drug and the additives was confirmed through FT-IR and DSC testing. Results: The MP3 formulation demonstrated consistent swelling across a wide pH range, without any abrupt alterations in swelling at the pH study points of 4.5 or 7. Evidence from in-vivo X-ray scans indicated that the pellets remained intact in the vaginal canal for an approximate duration of 8 hours. Short-term stability studies of the formulation affirmed its consistency throughout the investigation. Conclusion: The study showed that a Chitosan-Carbopol 71G interpolymer complex can function as a...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2023 in |
The aim of this research was to develop and evaluate a cubosomal gel for the treatment of skin diseases such as athlete’s foot (tineapedis), ringworm (tineacruris) and ringworm (tineacorporis). To increase the penetration of the drug and to provide longer duration of treatment this study was performed. Cubosomes are a novel nanoparticle system loaded with butenafine hydrochloride as an antifungal agent. Cubosomes were designed and approached using a top-down approach. Top-down approach was easy and repeatable also. Cubosomes loaded with Butenafine hydrochloride were prepared by a simple emulsification method using different concentrations of lipid phase GMO and poloxamer 407 enclosed in a cubic gel matrix. The prepared cubosomal dispersion was characterized by Drug Entrapment efficiency and particle size. Optimal formulation of cubosomes were incorporated into carbopol-based hydrogels to form cubosomes hydrogels (cubosomal-gels) characterized by physical morphology, drug release studies, pH, viscosity, and spreadability studies. Among all formulations (F7), was found to have the highest drug release at 24 h of 78.693±0.117%, entrapment efficiency (86.517±0.146) and particle size of...
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