Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. is one of the most popular medicinal plants in Madagascar, India and several African countries. It is used in the treatment of many diseases, and particularly in those of diabetes. The duration of treatment, often for life, and its relatively high cost for certain social categories, constrain more and more patients to use this plant. Its chemical constituents were still little studied and this problem could create significant damage in case of intoleranceor abuse during its use.The present study undertaken on the leaves of Ravenala madagascariensis, led to the isolation and structural elucidation of two new compounds (1 and 2), together with the known cycloartanol triterpene (3) which was isolated for the first time from this plant. Their structures were elucidated as (2E, 7R, 11R) phytyl-3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enyl pentadecanoate (1) and (24S, 31S)-cycloartan-31, 32-diol (2). Structural determinations were made on the basis of analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data. The complete 1H and 13C resonance assignments were also carried out by using 1H-1H COSY,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
The presence of Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and β-lactam residues in foodstuff constitutes a potential risk to the human health and undesirable effects on consumers. Now-a-days these drug residues are also recognized as an emerging environmental problem. The present work describes the development of a sensitive, reproducible, and accurate method using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector for simultaneous determination of the (NSAIDs) and β-lactam antibiotics (paracetamol, nimesulide, amoxicillin, and ampicillin) in buffalo raw milk. The extraction method involves liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether and centrifugation followed by evaporation under pressure using Nitrogen. The percentage recovery of the (NSAIDs) and β-lactam antibiotics was 85 and 90 % respectively with relative standard deviations between 0.4 and 0.9%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) for all these compounds were in the range of 1 to 3 ng/ml, which are lower than the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) established by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the studied (NSAIDs) and β-lactams in milk, making the method suitable for performing routine analysis. The methods were...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC method with UV detection and UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of Lamivudine, Tenofovir and Efavirenz simultaneously in combined tablet dosage form was developed. Chromatography was performed with mobile phase containing a mixture of methanol: Water (pH adjusted to 2.5) and 0.1 % TEA in the proportion of (68: 32 % v/v) the samples were injected onto Symmetry C18 Column (4.6 x 100mm, 5μm, Make: HYPERSIL ODS) column. The flow rate was 1.2ml.min–1. The samples were detected at 260nm. The UV spectrophotometric method was performed at 272nm for Lamivudine, 260 nm for Tenofovir and 247 nm for Efavirenz, and samples were prepared with a solution of Water methanol (30:70 % v/v). The assay was linear in range from 25% to 150% targeted concentration and regression coefficient for all three drugs was found to be 0.999 highly significant for the method. The proposed methods were simple, rapid, precise, accurate and sensitive, and can be used for the routine of the quality control in...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Adhatoda vasica Nees. has been used in India for more than 2000 years. The drug contains leaf, stem, flower, fruit and seeds. The fruit which holds the most potentialof the herb is a small capsule with four seeds. No reports are available for the pharmacognostical study of the seed, hence the present study was undertaken to investigate the macroscopic, microscopic, powder microscopic, physicochemical, phytochemical analysis, TLC and HPTLC profile. The drug was mounted on FAA solution and sections were taken in rotary microtome, stained with toluidine blue; histochemical tests were observed. Loss on drying, total ash, water soluble and acid insoluble ash, water and alcohol soluble extractive were estimated as per WHO method. TLC/HPTLC studies were based on many trials to fix the better solvent system. The testa comprises outer sclerotesta of 40mm thick and inner sarcotesta. The parenchymatous zone is thin along the lateral part of the seed and it becomes wider and many layered at the chalazal end. The radicle is circular in sectional view which is...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia accounting for about 50-60% of the overall cases among persons over 65 years of age is characterized by the progressive decline in cognitive function, mediated through learning and memory. According to Cholinergic hypothesis, AD is caused by reduced synthesis of the neurotransmitter ACh, wherein the AChE levels were increased which causes damage to the cholinergic neurons finally leading to cognitive impairments. Hence, all therapies for AD are targeted at the cholinergic system. In this context, docking studies play key role in computer-aided drug design paradigms. As an attempt to identify such natural cholinomimetic and neuroprotective activities, a set of 25 drug molecules from the phytoconstituents of the plant, Morinda citrifolia Linn. Were collected from PubChem Database. These compounds were docked against human AChE (PDB ID: 1B41 and 1N5R) proteins retrieved from Protein Data Bank were performed by Pyrex Virtual Screening tool (Auto Dock Vina). After docking, among these 25 compounds, the drug molecule Huperizine A (854026) was found to have the...
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