Volume 15 (2024) - Issue 2, February
Review Articles
CANNABIS SATIVA L.: A REVIEW OF THE MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF THIS ‘WONDER PLANT’ AND AN UPDATE ON THE NIGERIA SITUATION
Cannabis sativa L. is an annual herbal plant of the family Cannabinaceae and abundant in nature. It is known locally as igbo, taba, blaze, joint, pot, dope, ganja, sensi, kpoli, weed, and morocco on the streets of Nigeria, and used as a medicinal plant for many centuries in many different parts of the world. Although native to Central Asia, Cannabis is now grown globally. Cannabis is the most abus...
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ROLE OF OMICS IN DRUG DISCOVERY FROM NATURAL SOURCES
The healing homes of plant life have been identified because time was immemorial. Many pathological conditions have been handled using plant-derived drug treatments. Recent advances in analytical and computational strategies have opened new avenues to technique complex natural merchandise and to use their structures to derive new and revolutionary drugs. Indeed, we're in the era of omics as applie...
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BRIEF OVERVIEW STUDIES ON ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NEWSPAPER INK
Now a day’s food materials are packaged and wrapped in paper that is the dangerous practice of wrapping, covering or processing foods with newspaper and printed recycled paper materials remains commonplace worldwide, as seen in the plethora of photographs in advertisements online or in magazines showing newspaper wrapped foods. The health hazard of ink contamination to foods and long-term contac...
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NOVEL INDOLE DERIVATIVES AS A PROMISING SCAFFOLD FOR THE DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT OF POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES: AN OVERVIEW
Various bioactive aromatic compounds containing the indole nucleus showed clinical and biological applications. It has the unique property of mimicking different structures of proteins and binding to enzymes in a reversible manner. Indole scaffold has been found in many of the important synthetic drug molecules which gave a valuable idea for treatment and binds with high affinity to the multiple r...
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CUBOSOME: A NOVEL VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Cubosomes are square and rounded particles with internal cubic lattice. Cubosomes are thermodynamically stable and consist of honeycombed (cavernous) structures separating two internal aqueous channels and a large interfacial area. Cubosomeisa novel biocompatible drug delivery system whose diameter size range from 10–500 nm. Cubosomes possessa great significance in the field of cosmeceuticals an...
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SOLID DISPERSION: STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF POORLY WATER-SOLUBLE DRUG
The solubility problem of drugs is always one of the most challenging aspects in formulation and development of dosage forms. In fact, most of new chemical entities are poorly water soluble and not well-absorbed after oral administration resulting in low bioavailability. The current challenges of the pharmaceutical industries are related to techniques that improve the water...
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AREVIEW OF COVID-19 IDENTIFICATION, CLASSI-FICATION, THERAPY, PREVENTION AND VACCINATION
The population is currently under threat from a new global health emergency called COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019). The World Health Organization has classified the virus epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern since December 2019, when COVID-19 first surfaced at a seafood market in Wuhan, South China, and spread quickly throughout the world (WHO). In order to inform pot...
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EUGENIA JAMBOLANA LAM. (BLACK PLUM): A FUTURE SOURCE OF AN ANTIDIABETIC DRUG
Traditional medicine has been aware about and made use of "medicinal herbs," for millennia. Numerous chemical compounds are produced by plants to serve a variety of purposes, including defence and protection against diseases and disorders. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent forms of DM, characterised by deficient insulin secretion (in T1DM) or impaire...
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EXHAUSTIVE REVIEW ON THERAPEUTICAL ROLE OF SOME PHYTOCONSTITUENTS AND THEIR CHEMICAL ALTERATION
Introduction: Therapeutic agent must be compatible with its target. Their multiple interaction produces diversified therapeutic action. Chemical exploration of phytoconstituents unravels bio-interaction and strategic engineering of molecules generates wonderful leads in therapeutics. Method: The source of information has been accessed through multiple research and review article of peered journals...
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Research Articles
LIPID PROFILE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OF ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS TREATED WITH AJỤ MBAISE POLYHERBAL FORMULATION
Ajụ mbaise polyherbal extract, widely consumed for medicinal and nutritional purposes is composed of stems, leaves, roots and barks of different plant species wrapped together in various proportions. The current study was carried out to determine the effects of orally administered ethanolic Ajụ mbaise polyherbal extract on lipid profile and blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic ra...
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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT (MDR) AND EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANT (XDR) BACTERIA FROM DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL NICHES
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerged as a major challenge to public health and significantly impacting the global economy. Infections due to multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are difficult to treat and cause financial burden on patients. Environment may serve as a genetic pool of several drug resistant genes and help bacteria to emerge as notorious superbugs. This study aimed to characterize M...
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WOUND HEALING POTENTIAL OF CARALLUMA ADSCENDENS
The purpose of this current investigation was for screening the wound healing potential of Ethanolic extract of Caralluma adscendens (EECA) whole plant. Caralluma adscendens (Apocynaceae), a common medicinal plant in traditional Indian medicine. Mentions in folk medicine and existing data raised an outlook on this plant for evaluating wound healing potential. Ethanolic extract of Caralluma adscend...
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FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEL CONTAINING TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE LOADED NANOSPONGES
The ideal of the exploration is to formulate hydrogel containing nanosponges of Triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of Psoriasis. Psoriasis is presently treated with a numerous of topical and systemic remedies. Numerous of these treatments, still, are costly and involve adverse effects, similar as immunosuppression. As a result, there is a need to develop curatives that are effective, have l...
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EVALUATION OF CO-ADMINISTRATION OF MURRYA KOENIGII LEAVES AND MOMORDICA CHARANTIA FRUITS ON ANTIULCER ACTIVITY IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ULCERS IN RATS
In this study, the preventive and protective potentials of Murray koenigii (MK) leaves and Momordica charantia (MC) fruit extracts against experimentally induced peptic ulcers in Wistar rats were evaluated. Rats were divided into six experimental groups – normal (saline), control (ulcers), pretreatment with MC extract (fresh fruit juice, 500ml/kg), MK extract (400mg/kg)or both, and pretreatment ...
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MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION AND ANTAGONISTIC POTENTIAL OF MANGROVE STREPTOMYCES ISOLATED FROM COASTAL REGIONS OF ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
The main aim of the present study is to isolate and identify potent actinobacteria from mangrove sediments of SPSR Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh, India along with their antimicrobial activity. The samples collected were initially pretreated with calcium carbonate followed by dry heating. Dilution plate technique was employed to isolate actinobacteria employing two selective media viz. yeast ext...
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ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC EFFECT OF EUGENIA JAMBOLANA EXTRACT ON HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED DYSLIPIDEMIA IN RATS
Antidyslipidemic activity of extract of Eugenia jambolana (EJ, Jamun fruit) in adult Charles Foster rats of both sexes was studied and compared with that of Atorvastatin (Atorva). 4 groups were made [Gp 1- Control group (no drug), only high fat diet (HFD); Gp 2- HFD +EJ (evaluation of role of EJ in the prevention of dyslipidemia); Gps 3 & 4-only HFD]. This was the phase of disease production, ...
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NOVEL PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION
The pyrimidine scaffold found in many bioactive drugs; some commercially available drugs containing at least one pyrimidine ring in their structure. The literature survey reveals that replacement of 1H-pyrazole of pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine ring system by other bioactive moieties drastically alters its pharmacological properties. Prompted by the varied biological activities of pyrazolopyrimidine ...
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ANXIOLYTIC AND ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF PETAL OF CROCUS SATIVUS VAR. ‘CASHMERIANUS’
Crocus sativusvar. ‘cashmerianus’ (Iridaceae)is worldwide known as “Saffron” contains than volatile and aroma-containing compounds mainly terpenes, terpene alcohol, and their esters. The bitter taste and a hay-like fragrance of saffron are due to presence picrocrocin and safranal. Traditional anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of C. sativus var. ‘cashmerianus’ was evaluated using su...
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IMPURITY PROFILING METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR METFORMIN HCL AND VILDAGLIPTIN FROM COMBINATION TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC COUPLED WITH UV/PDA DETECTOR
A precise, accurate, robust method was developed for quantitative estimation of related impurities of Metformin HCL and Vildagliptin from combination tablet dosage form. The mixture of ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate and octane sulfonic acid sodium salt buffer at pH 4 was used as mobile phase A and mixture of methanol and buffer in the ratio of95:5 used as a mobile phase B. The mobile phase was...
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FIVE-YEAR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TRENDS AMONG PATHOGENS CAUSING URINARY TRACT INFECTION FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA
Introduction: Urinary tract infection is the most frequent infection reported worldwide till now. To better understanding regarding epidemiology and emerging antimicrobial resistance among bacterial uropathogens, we studied the demographic distribution and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms causing UTI in our local hospital-based study. Materials and Methods: We analysed the ret...
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DISSOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM BY USING VARIOUS GENERATIONS OF HYDROPHILIC POLYMERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Oral administration is the preferred route of drug administration owing to its convenience, patient compliance, and cost-effectiveness. The study aspired to augment the solubility and dissolution rate of Rosuvastatin calcium (RST) by using the solid dispersion (SD) technique with various generations of hydrophilic polymers. Hot melt and solvent evaporation methods were employed to prepare SD using...
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CLINICAL EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF MUNḍIJ AND MUSHIL THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Objective: To study the anti-arthritic effect of a Unani regimen comprising of Munḍij wa Mushil therapy along with Habb-e-Gul-e-Aak and to propose a safe and alternative therapy for RA. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 30 diagnosed patients of RA fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited and randomly distributed into two groups A&B with 20 patients in the t...
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THE PREVALENCE OF CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMITIES DIAGNOSED PRENATALLY IN A AN AND POPULATION
Background: The most important factor contributing to human genetic problems is chromosomal abnormalities. It is crucial to choose screening tests and diagnostic procedures that are exact, accurate, safe, and able to be conducted during early pregnancy in order to make the best-informed choice possible while taking into account the probable outcomes of pregnancy. Method and Material: In the presen...
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GC-MS ANALYSIS AND ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF SKIMMIA ANQUETILIA OF KASHMIR REGION
Medicinal plants essential oils in aromatherapy, complementary medicine or in folk medicine, is known for a long time or is gaining importance as a significant alternative method for the treatment of various ailments. In the last few years a lot of scientific studies have been conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of these natural compounds and their influence on the centra...
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POLYPHARMACY AND POTENTIAL DRUG – DRUG INTERACTIONS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS OF RURAL POPULATION ATTENDING GENERAL MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Aim and Objective: The present study was done to assess the prevalence of polypharmacy and to study its consequences in elderly people. Methodology: The study was prospective observational study, done in 500 elderly patients attending the Department of General Medicine in rural tertiary care teaching hospital in Telangana. The study was done for a period of 6 months from April 2019 to September 20...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CUBOSOMAL GEL FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION
The present research aims to develop a transdermal Cubosomal gel formulation of Indomethacin, which would attenuate the gastrointestinal toxicities associated with oral administration and also aimed to encapsulate high drug pay load in Cubosomes for improved therapeutic efficiency. Indomethacin is an NSAID commonly recommended for the relief of pain and inflammation. Indomethacin was formulated as...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLURBIPROFEN LOADED STEALTH LIPOSOME USING VARIOUS POLYMERS
Flurbiprofen (FP) is a phenyl alkanoic acid derivative and a family of non–steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in the treatment of arthritis. Flurbiprofen was formulated as a liposome using soya lecithin and cholesterol by thin film hydration method. It is then formulated as a stealth liposome to increase efficacy and reduce toxicity. Two polymers are used to prepare flurbiprofen as stealth l...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PROBIOTIC CHOCOLATE
Human gut serves as a home to over 100-1000 microbial species, which primarily modulate the host internal environment and thereby, play a major role in host health. Humans are a unique reservoir of heterogeneous and vivacious group of microbes, which together forms the human-microbiome superorganism. Probiotic bacteria are beneficial to human health by improving the gutmicro biota balance and the ...
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IN-SILICO STUDIES ILLUSTRATE THE ONCOGENIC POTENTIAL OF AN ATPASE PROTEIN NSF
Cancer is a complex and life-threatening disease characterized by abnormal cell growth. Several AAA+ ATPases are involved in the oncogenic pathways, however, the role of an ATPase protein i.e. N-ethylmaleimaide-Sensitive Factor (NSF) was unclear. Therefore, we performed systematic bioinformatics analysis to predict the prospect of NSF as a cancer biomarker. NSF is found to be upregulated in some ...
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PHYTOSOMAL NANOCARRIER LOADED WITH EMBELIA RIBES DEVELOPMENT FOR CANCER THERAPY
Background: In this study, Embelia ribes fruit extract phospholipid complex (ERE-PC) was developed with an attempt to enhance the therapeutic effect by improving its dissolution profile and oral bioavailability. E. ribes, an ancient herb possesses anticancer, anti-fertility, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic activities. However, poor aqueous solubility of phytoconstituents of E. ribes, lowers the th...
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE HPTLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF RAMIPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN SOLID DOSAGE FORM
Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and is used in treating high blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic drug that increases urine output. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography is a sophisticated form of thin-layer chromatography which is a separation technique and is used in various bioavailability studies to study marketed formulations as well as novel therapeut...
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METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINE IN PURE AND MARKETED DYES BY USING RP-HPLC
To estimate the presence of para-phenylenediamine in various commercial hair colors, a straightforward, speedy, precise investigation used High-Performance Liquid Chromatography to find PPD in henna and determine its presence. In order to do the chromatography, stationary phase Phenomenox C18 100 mm x 4.6 mm, 5µm column system was used for UV detection with a242 nm wavelength. The mobile phase Me...
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A STUDY OF VANCOMYCIN INTERMEDIATE RESISTANCE AND HETERORESISTANCE IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to cause various infections ranging from minor skin and soft tissue infections to devastating septicaemia and endocarditis. The only drug that is currently most effective against MRSA infections is a glycopeptide, vancomycin. Due to continued exposure and injudicious use of this novel drug, cases of reduced susceptibility to v...
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EFFECT OF CUSTOMIZED DASH DIET AND LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION ON BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG STAGE-1 HYPERTENSIVE INDIVIDUALS
This study aims to evaluate the impact of a personalized DASH diet and lifestyle modifications on blood pressure levels in individuals diagnosed with stage-1 hypertension. An observational study with purposive sampling was carried out over one-year duration, specifically from April 2022 to March 2023. Data was gathered through a self-structured interview schedule questionnaire and subjected to des...
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EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ORAL TRANEXAMIC ACID WITH GLYCOLIC ACID 35% SOLUTIONVS ORAL TRANEXAMIC ACID WITH MODIFIED JESSNER’S SOLUTION IN TREATING MELASMA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Background: Melasma is a frequent hyper pigmentary disorder characterized by the presence of brown to grey patches on the face. For melasma management, various modalities available that includes kojic acid, azelaic acid, Kligman’s regimen, peels like glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), jessner’s etc are in use but unsatisfactory results, recently tranexamic acid (TA) has added to treatm...
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OPTIMIZATION OF THE FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF GABAPENTIN NIOSOMES FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY
Objective: The main purpose of this current work is to optimize the formulation and in vitro evaluation of gabapentin niosomes. Methods: Niosomes are formulated by utilizing the thin film method. Gabapentin niosomes are prepared with cholesterol and span 80. Pre-formulation and post-formulation studies were carried out for optimized gabapentin niosomes. Such as FTIR, DSC, Zeta, Particle size, TEM,...
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CORRELATION OF THE LEVELS OF HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (hs-CRP) IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of several metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia, reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), raised triglyceride level in serum, hypertension and abdominal obesity. The independent risk factors of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels may have a significant impact on evaluating the prevalence of MetS components in ...
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PATTERNS OF TOBACCO, BETEL NUTS AND SMOKE ABUSE IN RELATION TO MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF ORAL AND OROPHARNYGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS IN ASSAM
Background: Betel nut and different variants of tobacco and smoking is hazardous causing oral and or pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). In Assam, "Tamol", a raw, unprocessed betel nut is mixed with lime and betel leafis an alarming factor for oral and oropharyngeal SCC. Aim: To assess the patterns of tobacco, betel nuts and smoking causing variations in morphological differentiation of ora...
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