Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2015 in |
Indian medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of viral infections with high fever, arthritis, inflammation were investigated for their in vitro antiviral activity against the Asian and East Central South African lineage of Chikungunya virus. In vitro cytotoxic assay of aqueous, aqueous ethanolic and ethanolic extracts of Alpinia Galanga (L) Willd., Alpinia Officinarum Hance., Andrographis paniculata Wall. ex. Nees , Melia azedarach L., and Azadirachta indica A. Juss were assessed for the determination of maximal nontoxic concentration in Vero cell lines. Antiviral activity of aqueous, aqueous ethanolic and ethanolic extracts of plants were determined by the inhibition of virus induced cytopathic assay to both lineages of Chikungunya virus aqueous ethanolic and ethanolic extracts of Melia azedarach L. were found to be effective and inhibited the growth of Chikungunya virus. Asian strain of Chikungunya virus was found to be more susceptible at lower concentrations of the extracts tested than the ECSA...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2015 in |
Bryophytes possess a pool of bioactive compounds with pharmacological activity. These plants have widely been used as medicinal plants since ancient times and are not infected by bacteria and fungi as they use chemical weapons in the form of secondary metabolites. In order to evaluate the antifungal activity of aqueous crude extract of Bryum cellulare (a moss) against the test fungi Curvularia lunata the causal organism of leaf spot of wheat and Drechslera maydis the causal organism of leaf blight of Zea mays was determined using pour plate method. The results revealed that the colony diameter and fresh weight of test organism under the effect of different concentrations was found to be maximum in lower concentrations and minimum in higher concentrations of Bryum cellulare. A phyotochemical screening of the extracts was also carried out to determine the antifungal substances. The results showed that the extract posses good antifungal activity but to varying...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2015 in |
Two spectrophotometric methods are presented for the simultaneous estimation of Zaltoprofen (ZLT) and Paracetamol (PAR) in laboratory prepared mixture and pharmaceutical dosage form without prior separation. Method (1) is simultaneous equation method (Vierodt’s method); which depends on the fact that absorbance of a mixture is the sum of the individual absorbance of the components. Method (2) is Q-Absorbance ratio method, which depends upon the fact that, the ratio of absorbance at any two wavelengths is a constant value independent of concentration or path length. Absorbances are measured at two wavelengths one being the λ max of ZLT (227.5 nm) and other being a wavelength of equal absorptivity of the two components (236 nm). Calibration curve of the two methods are linear over the concentration ranges of 4- 9μg/ml and 8-13μg/ml for PAR (247.5nm) and ZLT respectively. The two methods proved to be simple specific, accurate and precise. Solvent used is HPLC grade methanol. The two methods are validated as per ICH guidelines were accuracy, precision, repeatability and robustness are...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2015 in |
A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) was developed and validated to quantitate diosgenin in berries of Solanum nigrum using C18 analytical column as stationary phase and acetonitrile: water (92: 08, v/v) as mobile phase. The flow rate of mobile phase was kept at 1.0 ml/min. Column oven temperature was set at 25 0C. The method was found to be linear over the range 1.0-60 µg/ml. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of the developed method were found to be 0.33μg/ml and 1.0 μg/ml, respectively. The recoveries for the spiked samples ranged 96.85 – 103.68 %. The RSD values for intraday and interday precision studies of the method were all less than 1.11 %. The proposed method was found to be robust in terms of % w/w of diosgenin. The developed and validated method was applied for quantitative determination of diosgenin in extracts and formulations containing Solanum...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2015 in |
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the practitioners’ prescribing habits of antibiotics in three cities of Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional health survey with manual data collection was carried out with a standardized questionnaire over three month period at the three cities Rajshahi, Jessore and Comilla in Bangladesh. The collected data was subjected to simple descriptive analyses including frequency distribution, mean and finally expressed in percentage. Results: A total of 900 prescriptions of outpatients were analyzed during the study period. It was found that the prescriber prescribed antibiotics to the patients who were suffering mainly from cold and fever, infections, diarrhea and gonorrhea. The highest prescribed antibiotic groups were cephalosporins (25.55%, 95%CI: 24.98-26.12), quinolones (23.75 %, 95%CI: 23.31-24.25), penicillins (15.78%, 95%CI: 15.41-16.15), macrolides (13.55%, 95%CI: 12.98-14.12) and metronidazoles (8.33%, 95%CI: 7.82-8.84) respectively. Two or more antibiotics were prescribed in 24.78 % of prescriptions. A total of 85% prescriptions had complete information on dosage form, 71.4% had complete direction for antibiotics use, 64% prescriptions had...
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