Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2014 in |
Purpose: The focus of the present paper was a preliminary phytochemical and TLC analysis of the various extracts (root, stem, and leaf) of the mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was carried out using the standard phytochemical assays. TLC analysis of the petroleum ether and chloroform fraction of the leaves was carried out using the solvent system Toluene: Ethyl acetate (in 9:1 ratio) and Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (in 5:5:0.2 ratio) for PE and chloroform fractions respectively. Result and Conclusion: The results of the preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various chemical compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates, anthraquinone, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, fixed oil, and fats. The organoleptic study revealed the specific nature of the plant parts used in the study. The behavior of the powdered plant parts in the presence of various chemicals was studied. TLC analysis of the petroleum ether and chloroform fraction of the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. revealed bands indicating the presence of various compounds that could act as potential...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To formulate economic transdermal patch of lornoxicam (LX) and to study its anti-inflammatory activity on acute and chronic inflammatory in rat models. Method: Three LX transdermal patches (F1, F2, and F3) consist of Eudragit RL-100, and RS-100 in three different ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) were prepared respectively by the solvent evaporation technique. All formulations contain diethyl phthalate as a plasticizer. The physicochemical compatibility of the drug and the polymers was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The prepared LX transdermal patches were evaluated for their drug content, patch thickness, folding endurance, surface pH, and in vitro drug permeation. The anti-inflammatory activity of LX transdermal patch was determined using two experimental animal designs, one for acute inflammation (rat paw edema) and the other for chronic inflammation (granuloma pouch) on eighty adult albino rats. The results obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: The data showed physicochemical compatibility between the drug and the polymers used. The LX patches (F1, F2, and F3) prepared were uniform thickness, drug content, and the pH of...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2014 in |
A simple, rapid, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection has been developed and validated according to the ICH guidelines for the quantization of Ceftriaxone (CEF) and Sulbactam (SUL) in parenteral preparation. Chromatographic separation was carried out in a Hypersil Gold C8 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 μm particle size) of Thermo Scientific with simple mobile phase composition of 10 ml of 40% Tetra Butyl Ammonium Hydroxide(TBAH) in 1000 ml of water (pH 5.5, maintained by dil Phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 2.0 ml min-1 with injection Volume of 20 µl where detector was set at 227 nm with a total run time of 10 min. The method was linear over the concentration range of 40-100, μg ml-1 for SUL and 80-200 μg ml-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and 0.999 respectively. Limit of quantifications (LOQ) of 8.5, 14.4 and limit of detections (LOD) 2.8, 4.7μg ml-1 for CEF and SUL respectively. Accuracy and precision values of both...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2014 in |
A simple, sensitive, cost-effective spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB), in bulk drug and its pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the formation of a Schiff base with PDAB; the reaction of drug with reagent gives a bright yellow color. The so formed colored species absorbance was measured at its absorption maximum (λmax) 423 nm. Beer’s law has been obeyed in the concentration range 5-30 µg/ml. The optical parameters were calculated as 2.0702 × 104 (L/mol/cm), 0.0183 (µg/cm2), molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity respectively. The LOD and LOQ of the proposed method were calculated 0.0844 (μg/ml), 0.2812 (μg/ml), respectively. All the variables were studied to optimize the reaction conditions. No interference was observed in the presence of common pharmaceutical excipients. The validity of the method was tested by analyzing AMB in its pharmaceutical formulations and critically tested for its accuracy by statistical tests. Good recoveries were obtained by the developed method; the obtained results were critically analyzed and successfully employed...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2014 in |
Lepidium sativum Linn. locally known as ‘fetto’ is a fast-growing edible herb which belongs to the family Brassicaceae is traditionally used for the treatment of various human ailments including cold, headache, colic, abdominal pain, dysentery, swellings and aphrodisiac in Ethiopia. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities were conducted on seeds of Lepidium sativium grown in Ethiopia. Qualitative phytochemical screening test of chloroform/ methanol crude extract showed the presence of phytochemicals: flavonoid, cholesterol, terpenoids, steroids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, phytosterols, proteins, and saponins. Antimicrobial activities of crude extract were tested against four bacteria: two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillis) and three fungi (Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium solani). The crude extracts of the seeds of the plant were active against the tested bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activities of plant seeds crude extract were compared with that of chloramphenicol against bacteria and bavistin against fungi as reference antibiotics. The ethnopharmacological knowledge of Lepidium sativum was documented. It was...
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