Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To investigate the anticancer potential of the extracts and the alkaloidal and nonalkaloidal fractions of Solanum jasminoides Paxt using in-vitro and in-vivo models. Method: The petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts of the whole plant were prepared by successive soxhlet method. The methanol extract was treated with solvents to separate alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal fractions. All the samples were subjected to in-vitro anticancer studies using Vero, BRL-3, HEp-2, HeLa, MDCK, and A-549 cell lines. Based on the in-vitro results, the alkaloidal fraction was selected and subjected to in-vivo anticancer activity against DLA and EAC induced ascities in mice. Results: The results reveal that the extracts and the fractions show moderate to good in-vitro anticancer activity, and the alkaloidal fraction shows superior activity. In the in-vivo study, the alkaloidal fraction shows a dose dependent effect on changes in the body weight, mortality, and clinical symptoms induced by cancer cells. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the alkaloidal fraction of the plant possesses good, both in-vitro and in-vivo,...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Objective: To explore the effect of nimodipine on nociception and on opioid-induced antinociception in rats by using the tail-flick method. Method: Sixty albino rats were used for the study. The tail-flick method was used to induce nociception in rats. Analgesic effect of nimodipine was evaluated by using three graded doses (200 mcg/kg, 400 mcg/kg, and 800 mcg/kg). To study the effect of nimodipine on opioid-induced antinociception, nimodipine (400 mcg/kg) was administered in combination with sub-effective doses of fentanyl and pethidine. Drugs were administered by intraperitoneal route. Results: Nimodipine at doses 200 mcg/kg, 400 mcg/kg, and 800 mcg/kg alone showed no significant difference in reaction times after 30 and 60 min as compared to baseline and control group. Similarly, effective sub doses fentanyl 15 mcg/kg and pethidine 10 mg/kg produced a non-significant increase in reaction times after 30 and 60 min as compared to baseline and control group. But the combination of nimodipine 400 mcg/kg and fentanyl 15 mcg/kg and the combination of nimodipine 400 mcg/kg and pethidine 10 mg/kg...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
The present investigation is carried out for β-adrenoreceptor antagonistic activity of both derivatives by evaluating their effects on the isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension in rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6) based on the treatment given to them. Group 1 received saline (0.9 % NaCl) only, groups 2, 3 were treated using test drugs NS1 and NS2 (1 mg/kg, i.v.) and groups 4, 5 received standard drugs propranolol (2 mg/kg, i.v.) and atenolol (1 mg/kg, i.v.). After 15 minutes of injection of drugs, the isoprenaline was injected, and the change in mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded. Administration of isoprenaline alone (0.3, 1 and 3 µg/kg, i.v.) produced significant dose-dependent hypotension and tachycardia to the rats. Pretreatment with NS1 and NS2 produced significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively) inhibition of isoprenaline-induced hypotension on normal rats. However, isoprenaline-induced tachycardia was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by NS1 pretreatment only. Propranolol showed significant (p<0.01) inhibition of isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension, while atenolol was significant (p<0.01) effective against inhibition of hypotension only....
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
Genistein is a soy phytoestrogen that mediates its functions by interacting with the endogenous estrogen receptor β. To investigate the effect of 10mg/kg body weight/ day genistein administration up to 90 days on the ovarian folliculogenesis and its correlation with serum gonadotropins and estrogen, adult Mus musculus were either administered with 1:4 DMSO : PBS (vehicle) or with 10mg genistein/kg body weight dissolved in vehicle for 30, 60 and 90 days. Post sacrifice on 31st, 61st and 91st day, blood serum was separated, and the gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and estrogen hormone were estimated by ELISA and Bouin’s fixed ovaries of control and treated mice were used for histology after H&E staining. Comparison of the ovarian sections revealed an increased number of arrested anovulatory follicles along with the treatment groups, i.e., 30 60 and 90 days and chronological decrease in the serum concentrations of LH, FSH as well as estrogens (two way ANOVA, at p<0.05 to p<0.001). Together these results suggested for delayed folliculogenesis, and reduced number of mature...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2014 in |
In the present study, the effort has been made to formulate the effervescent bioadhesive vaginal tablet of Metronidazole for localized treatment of Bacterial vaginosis. Among various bioadhesive polymers carbopol 934P, hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose K4M, methylcellulose, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were selected. Eight different formulations were made using a single polymer as well as a combination of two polymers in 1:1 ratio by direct compression technique. Formulations containing carbopol 934P alone (F4), carbopol 934P and sodium CMC in 1:1 ratio (F8) and carbopol 934P and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4Min 1:1ratio (F6) showed high, medium and low swelling behavior and bioadhesion property respectively and other formulations were found to disintegrate in 1 h time during swelling study as well as during dissolution study. In-vitro drug release was found to be 51.03% for F4, 42.98% for F8, and 34.87% for F6 at 12 h. F4 was found to release half of the total drug in 12 h. Based on swelling behavior, bioadhesion test, and in-vitro drug release, F4 was selected as the best...
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