Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Objectives: Transdermal drug delivery suggests several advantages and has been vastly investigated over last decades.Chemical enhancers improve the quantity of drug penetration through the skin. In this study, hydrophilic solvents have been used as enhancers to promote dermal penetration of albumin. Methods: 20 different formulations containing albumin and hydrophilic solvents were prepared. Transdermal absorption experiments for each formulation were performed using a diffusion cell and a slice of chicken skin as model at 32°C for 3 hours. Samples from the medium were withdrawn and analyzed for albumin concentration. Cumulative amounts of albumin were plotted for each formulation. Results: After3 hours, 6.8, 5.8, 69.0, 7.9, 11.1, 25.2, 32.0, 98.0, 21.3 and 74.3 mg of albumin were passed through the skin, using formulations containing deionized water (DW), acetic acid, ethyl acetate (EA), methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), glycerol, ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG), respectively. Conclusion: PG, EA and glycerolcould act as enhancers for transdermal delivery of albumin. Such delivery was increased using 4 mL of them instead of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women, with more than 80% of these occurring in developing countries that have limited access to screening programs. Therefore there is a need to develop diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers which can be quantifiable and help clinical oncologists at the first interaction with the suspected patients. The aim of this study was to correlate the serum markers with the diagnosis of distant metastasis, disease recurrence, therapy monitoring and prognosis of the cervical cancer. Methods: The study group consisted of 50 metastatic cervical cancer patients and 50 benign cervical cancer patients in the age group of 20-80 years. Blood samples (5ml) were collected for analysis after Informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to sample collection. The markers (CEA and CA125) were analyzed by ELFA and sandwich ELISA methods respectively and compared to their reference values. Results and conclusion: Statistical analysis of the results showed that the incidence of the disease showed a direct correlation with the...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Sixteen 1-(substituted) phenyl, 1- thiocarbamoyl -3-phenyl-5-(2′′-Furyl) / Phenyl- ∆1-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized. The chemical structures were confirmed by IR, H1 –NMR and analysis. The antidepressant activities of the compounds were investigated by Porosolt’s behavioral despair test on albino mice. 3-phenyl-5-(2′′-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-carbothioamide (2f),1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-(3′-hydroxy-phenyl)-5-(2′′-methoxy phenyl)-4,5-di- hydro-1H-pyrazole (2k), 1-(2,4-dinitro phenyl)-3-(3′ -hydroxyl phenyl)-5-furyl – 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (2m) significantly reduced the duration of immobility times by 23.58-25.76% at 25mg kg-1 dose level using imipramine as standard reference. Anticonvulsant activities of the compounds were examined by Maximal Electroshock Seizure (MES) using Phenytoin as standard reference, and neurotoxicity were determined by Rotarod toxicity test on albino mice. 1-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-5-(2′′chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole(2e),1-(2,4-dinitro phenyl) -3-(3′ -nitro phenyl)-5-furyl- 4, 5- dihydro-1H-pyrazole(2o), and 3-(3′ -nitro phenyl)-5-furyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole–thiocarbamide (2p) had good protection against the Maximal Electroshock Seizure (M.E.S) at 20 mg kg-1 dose levels. These compounds (2f 2k, 2m, 2e, 2o, 2p) did not show any neurotoxicity in the Rotarod test at 20mg kg-1 dose...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
The synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic studies of new N-substituted pthalimide analogues 2–7 with analgesic activity were described. The compounds were synthesized using phthalic anhydride with various appropriate amines (Triazolamine, Benzocaine, p-Nitro-aniline, pyrazinamide, Phenazone and glycine) in reflux synthesizer. The purity of the compounds was determined by TLC. With the physical and spectral data the structure of the new synthesized compounds were elucidated. The newly synthesized compounds were subjected for the screening of CNS activity by using standard experimental models. The analgesic activity of the selected compounds 2-7 were evaluated in vivo by ip carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and acetic acid- induced ‘writhing’ test in mice. Compounds 2-7 were exhibited significant analgesic activity in hot-plate and acetic acid inducer screening test comparable to the control CMC (Carboxymethylcellulose) and...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of modulation of tumour necrosis α (TNF-α) on naloxone induced opioid withdrawal syndrome. Chronic morphine (5mg/kg,i.p) administration followed by a single injection of naloxone (8mg/kg, i.p) was used to precipitate opioid withdrawal syndrome in mice. Behavioral observations were made immediately after naloxone treatment. Withdrawal syndrome was quantitatively assessed in terms of withdrawal severity score and frequency of jumping, rearing, fore paw licking and circling. Administration of pirfenidone (200mg/kg, p.o) markedly and dose dependently attenuated naloxone induced morphine withdrawal syndrome. Thus, it is proposed that glial cells activation via toll like receptor (TLR) linked mechanism might be involved in the development of opioid dependence and precipitation of its withdrawal...
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