Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Turmeric, curcuma longa L of Zingiberaceae family is a widely cultivated spice in India and other Asian countries. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, and recognized for their broad spectrum of biological activities, curcuminoids vary in chemical structures, physico-chemical characteristics as well as the functional properties. This study focused on separation of individual curcuminoids from spent turmeric oleoresin considered as an industrial waste and its purification by column chromatography followed by purity analysis by HPLC. Chromatographic purification of spent turmeric oleoresin was done with Diaion HP 20 resin, fractions were collected. Curcuminoid enriched oleoresin fractions combined & then subjected to hexane precipitation, purified curcuminoid enriched fraction obtained. Purified curcuminoid enriched fraction subjected to silica gel column chromatography to separate the individual curcuminoids with chloroform: methanol at increasing polarity. 10ml each 40 fractions were collected and TLC profile done. Same Rf fractions collected & evaporated. Total curcuminoids of individual fractions were determined by HPLC. Recrystallization of each compound was done using methanol: chloroform (5:1) at 3°C. Curcumin, Demethoxy curcumin, Bisdemethoxy curcumin...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
The cyclic albino rats of body weight group (120-130 gm.) were intravaginally treated with single dose (0.1 ml) neem oil at various durations to study its anti-fertility efficiency. It was observed that a significant increase in ovarian weight in weekly three months treated rat group to control and a significant decrease in follicle numbers in single ovary in weekly and fortnightly one and three months treated rat group in comparison to control. The disturbed reproductive cycle showed a highly significant increase estrus frequency from control in case of weekly and fortnightly one and three month treated rat group. But in rat group treated for monthly one and three months showed a significant increase. The reversibility showed a highly significant decrease in fortnightly one month in comparison to weekly one month treated rat group whereas monthly one month treatment showed a significant decrease from fortnightly one month treated group. The fortnightly three months treatment showed a significant increase in the reversibility with weekly and monthly three months treated group. All such...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Reactive oxygen species are associated with ageing process creating many health disorders such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, cancer, atherosclerosis and arthritis etc. These harmful actions of reactive oxygen species can be controlled to the some extent by using antioxidants which are present in plants, fruits, vegetables and spices. Turmeric, black pepper and clove are popular spices and have been used in traditional medicine. Their bioactive constituents i.e. curcumin, piperine and eugenol show many pharmacological impact on the nervous and neuromuscular system. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of above spices and their bioactive constituents have been evaluated synergistically by 1,1,-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. Highest antioxidant potential is reported in mixture of curcumin and eugenol (97.38%) followed by methanolic extract of clove (95.91%) and mixture of methanolic extract of turmeric and clove (94.23%). Our studies clearly suggest that extract and their bioactive constituents individually does not shows as much as antioxidant potential as when they are mixed in definite proportion which may be due to synergistic...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
NAC being an antioxidant combats oxidative stress induced by phenytoin, thereby hypothesized to reduce phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities. The influence of N acetyl cysteine (NAC) supplementation on phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities was investigated. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups and each group received vehicle (0.2% CMC), Phenytoin (20mg/Kg), Phenytoin co administered with three graded doses of NAC (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) in 0.2% CMC for 45 days. Motor coordination, exploratory behavior, memory and spontaneous motor activity were evaluated by Rota rod, Hole board, Elevated plus maze and Actophotometer respectively. On day 45, regional brain lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase (ACh E) activity and histopathological studies were performed after euthanasia. In addition, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions between phenytoin and NAC were also studied. Long term administration of phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities, elevated regional brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and ACh E activity, also revealed congestion in addition to damaged cells in brain regions. NAC significantly prevented phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities, oxidative stress and reversed the histopathological abnormalities. There were no significant...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Ethanolic extracts from three factions (peel, pulp and aril) of Gac fruit were evaluated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activities of plant extracts were also investigated by using DPPH and FRAP assay. The highest antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract from the aril of ripe Gac fruit were 4.87 mg AAE/g FW and 0.016 mg AAE/g FW when determined by the DPPH and FRAP, respectively. Moreover, The ethanolic extract from pulp fraction had the highest the total phenolic and flavonoid content of 0.205 mg GAE/g FW and 0.143mg RE/g FW, respectively. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by MIC and MBC assay against six pathogenic microorganisms. E. coli ATCC 25922 had the most susceptible to ethanolic extracts from peel and pulp factions with MIC value of 1.562 mg/mL. E. coli ATCC 25922 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was the most susceptible to aril extract with MIC value of 3.125 mg/mL. The MBC value in all extract factions of Gac fruit were > 50 mg/ml. Therefore, the result of Gac fruit...
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