Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2013 in |
The purpose of the study was to present the know-how of preparing intramuscular injection forms of chlorpromazine HCl (CPZ) solutions for use in veterinary medicine. Aqueous solutions of CPZ were prepared aseptically at concentrations of 10 or 25 mg/ml. The CPZ formulations were intended for veterinary use only. The concentrations of CPZ in the solutions were 1 or 2.5% which were formulated mainly with ascorbic acid, benzyl alcohol, sodium chloride, sodium metabisulfite or sodium sulfite and water for injection. The pH values of the solutions were adjusted by HCl or NaOH to be in the range of 5 to 6 before filtration (pore size of 0.2 µm), sterilization and distribution into air tight containers. The aqueous formulations of CPZ were clear, almost colorless to slightly straw-colored solutions, sterile and free from undesirable visible particlulate matters. They were according to the requirements of solutions intended for intramuscular injection. Using the prepared formulations, the acute toxicity (median lethal dose, LD50) of CPZ was close to that of a commercial product. Similarly,...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2013 in |
According to Brazilian regulation, the registration of phytomedicines must inform the characterisation of, at least, one of their constituent. In order to contribute to this goal, a tincture of Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis prepared with ethanol 96oGL was investigated. This plant species is widely used due its hypoglycaemic properties, to control diabetes, and empirically to treat the consequence of cerebral vascular accident. Thus, this work reports the evaluation of the flavonoid content in the tincture and the characterisation of flavonoid glycosides, because flavonoids can be part of the active constituents of this herbal drug, and also because these substances can be used as markers. This article both confirms the presence of several flavonoids previously detected in this herbal drug and reports the presence of others not previously described and are characterised in this species for the first time. The flavonoid content in the tincture, determined as Rutin using UV spectroscopy, is 3.6g% of tincture. A method based on reversed phase (RP) HPLC analysis was developed and...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2013 in |
A highly resourceful, elegant, simple and green technique with exceptionally facile reaction conditions of one pot three component reaction was applied to synthesized series of novel mannich base having an array of biologically and pharmaceutically active novel heterocycles. The present protocol offered a valuable alternative to known methods and will find applications in the field of green synthesis and antimicrobial study against pathogenic microbes supports the development of bioinformatical database of novel and abandoned heterocycles. These data indicate their potential to become antimicrobial agents against pathogenic and resistant strains of micro-organisms. The novel products were established by Elemental, IR, mass spectroscopic and 1H, 13C NMR analysis. The environmental advantages of the method include short reaction time, excellent yield, easy work-up, elimination of extraction and chromatographic purification process. The synthesized β-amino-heteronapthols were tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic bacteria and fungi by comparing their zone of inhibition with standard antibacterial agents (Gentamicin, Amoxicillin) and antifungal agents (Nistatin,...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2013 in |
One of the obstacles to effective intratumoral gene delivery lies in low transfection efficiency of non-viral vectors. Thus, in this study we evaluate the application of Diethyl methyl chitosan (DEMC) in intratumoral gene delivery of pancreatic cancer. DEMC/ pEGFP nanoparticles are prepared by polyelectrolyte complexation. After nanoparticle characterization via atomic force microscopy (AFM), in in vivo experiments, nude mice are subcutaneously injected with AsPC-1 cell line and the created tumors are used to determine the effect of DEMC on i.t. gene delivery via fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Also the relation between tumor-injection volume ratio (TIVR) and percent of the transfected tumor cells was predicted via mathematics. Relative to the control, which is injected with plasmid alone, there is a transfection increase up to 15- folds with DEMC. This delivery system involves simple preparation procedures and can be injected directly into the site, hence should be a useful approach to plasmid-based gene transfer for pancreatic cancer local...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2013 in |
A Simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate and precise spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of tolterodine tartrate (TOL) in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical preparation. This method is based on measuring the native fluorescence of TOL in methanol at 313 nm after excitation at 285 nm using 1 ml of phosphate buffer pH 6. All variables that affect fluorescence intensity such as diluting solvents, pH, buffer and buffer volume were studied and optimized .The fluorescence-concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 0.5-8 µg/ml with a lower detection limit (LOD) of 0.090 µg/ml and lower quantification limit (LOQ) of 0.273 µg/ml. The method was validated and successfully applied to the determination of TOL tablets with an average percent recovery ± RSD% of 100.57 ± 0.76. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the reported method by applying t-test and F-test at 95% confidence level and no significant difference was observed regarding accuracy and...
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