Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Atorvastatin Calcium, competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-determining enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway, thereby lowering cholesterol level in plasma of body. Oral bioavailability of Atorvastatin Calcium is very low (less than 4%), due to its poor water solubility. The aim of this investigation was to develop a microemulsion of Atorvastatin Calcium for enhancing its solubility, and its oral bioavailability. For this purpose, initially, solubility of Atorvastatin Calcium was determined in various vehicles. Oil, Surfactant and Cosurfactant were selected based on the solubility and HLB value. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the microemulsion existing zone. Solubility study was also performed for optimization of formulation. The optimized microemulsion formulation was characterized for its % transmission, globule size, zeta potential, conductivity, % assay, and phase separation study. Globule size and zeta potential of the optimized microemulsion formulation were found to be 57.61 nm, and -19.4 mV, respectively. The viscosity and conductivity data indicated that the microemulsion was of the o/w type. Solubility of Atorvastatin...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Depression can be termed as a state of mind where in the person has negative thoughts, pessimistic views of future and constantly in sad mood, he feels lonely to the extent that he may committing suicide. A decrease in serotonin and nor epinephrine level can cause depression and Dopamine plays an important role in regulating our drive to seek rewards and obtain a sense of pleasure. Music therapy is an emerging field to treat depression. Music brings changes in brain waves which in turn create alternations in bodily functions controlled by autonomic nervous system such as breathing and heart rate and slower breathing brings relaxation that is necessary to cure depression. The aims and objective of this study is to access efficacy of music therapy in reducing the symptoms of clinical depression and to compare the efficacy of antidepressant alone and music therapy in patients of depression. Music therapy is comparable to drug therapy in mild cases of depression but in moderate and severe cases there is negligible effect...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Actinomycetes species Streptomyces violaceorubidus, strain RC 1796 was isolated from Nagpur region which was identified from MTCC Chandigarh. The inoculum was prepared for fermentation using Streptomyces violaceorubidus RC 1796.Different fermentation parameters were studied to increase the yield which includes types of fermentation media, temperature, pH, agitation condition, time period of fermentation, inoculum size, and effect of different concentrations of fermentation media ingredients. The best media for fermentation was found to be yeast malt extract broth media. The optimum fermentation temperature was 28oC, pH 7, agitation speed 150 rpm; time period of fermentation 7 days, inoculum size 10%, concentration of media ingredients like yeast extract concentration 0.4% and malt extract concentration 1.0%. Analysis for the extracellular or intracellular antibiotic production was carried out and it was found that there was extracellular production of antibiotic. Production of antibiotic was done on large scale using the optimum conditions and by using yeast malt extracts broth for...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the ethanolic leaf extract of Ficus glomerata Roxb. on the basis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, xenobiotic enzymes and histopathological parameters in 7, 12- dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinoma in rats. F. glomerata is large evergreen tree, found all over India and South East Asia. DMBA at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight (gastric intubation) significantly reduce the enzymatic antioxidant such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant like vitamin-C, vitamin-E and total reduced glutathione (TRG) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in group II rats. A significant increase in xenobiotic enzymes like cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5, in DMBA induced groups were observed. Treatment with ethanolic leaf extract of F. glomerata (150mg/kg body weight, orally) in group III rats were observed all these above mentioned parameters were reverted to near normal level when compared to control rats. Finally, we concluded that the F. glomerata leaf...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2013 in |
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds were extracted in 80% methanol to examine the content of various potent antioxidant compounds and their influence on in-vitro oxidation of biomolecules i.e. amount. proteins, lipids and DNA. Fenugreek extract had polyphenols (9.47±0.10 mg GAE/g dry seeds) as major antioxidant principle. Gallic acid (170.335µg), caffeic acid (164.550 µg), ellagic acid (184.879 µg) and quercetin (215.814 µg)/g dry weight fenugreek seeds were identified in methanolic extract by HPLC analysis. Other antioxidant compounds ascorbate, tocopherol and riboflavin were present in very low amounts. Antioxidant properties were assayed using DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Fenugreek extract inhibited the metal induced oxidation of proteins and lipids. Presence of the extract could protect DNA against H2O2 -induced oxidative stress. IC50 value of fenugreek seeds was estimated by these mechanisms. The results of this study indicate that polyphenol rich methanolic extract of fenugreek had efficient free radical scavenging, reducing and metal chelating activity to protect biomolecules like proteins, lipids and DNA against oxidative...
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