Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2012 in |
The purpose of this work was to develop and characterize a vesicular drug carrier for topical delivery of Quetiapine to overcome the problems related with oral route that is high first pass metabolism and fluctuating drug plasma concentration. The effects of key formulation variables on entrapment efficiency (EE %), vesicle size and in vitro drug permeation were studied using a Box- Behnken design. Liposomes bearing Quetiapine were prepared by using saturated lipids like 1, 2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1, 2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) with relatively less stability problems through rotary evaporation method. The liposomal formulation was characterized for various parameters including EE %, vesicles shape, size distribution, lamellarity, in vitro release study, skin permeation and stability studies. Firstly liposomal suspension was prepared and then previously prepared suspension was incorporated in carbopol 940P gel with an objective of enhancing stability of liposome by avoiding aggregation of vesicles and for better skin permeation. The encapsulation efficiency of drug was found to be ranging from 60.59±4.54% to 83.56±2.97%. Nano liposomes were found to have mean...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2012 in |
Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are known as cell cycle regulators in eukaryotic cell cycle. Different CDKs (CDK2, CDK4 etc.) are having structure homology among them. Using computer based molecular modeling tools, interactions between naturally occurring terpene based compounds with crystal structure of CDK4 mimic CDK2 enzyme having PDB ID : 1GII. Using In-silico techniques, the binding energies between terpene based compounds and receptor enzymes are calculated in the form of ΔG in kcal/mol. The reported binding energies for series of molecules are ranging from –5.35 to –13.20 kcal/mol. The negative docking energies and a few hydrogen bonds between selected ligands and receptor enzyme support the affinity of Terpene based compounds with CDK4 mimic CDK2 enzymes. It is also found out that those compounds having carbon atoms 30-31 interacts better with enzyme, whereas larger size compounds having carbon atoms higher than 40 show weak interactions. It is concluded that Tri-terpene class of compounds are the best CDK4 mimic CDK2...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2012 in |
All-spice (pimenta) is one of the under-utilized resources available in the tropical regions of the globe. It is a variety of sweet pepper used as a spice and its leaves are used for traditional culinary purpose. Researchers have studied the antioxidant potentials of the berries of the plant, but no documented work is reported on its stem, leaf and roots for antimicrobial properties. Thus, the present investigation was carried out to access the antimicrobial and anti-oxidation potentials of leaf extracts using three solvent systems, (Aqueous, acetone and methanol). All solvent systems at different concentrations were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal and reducing capacity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens; zone of inhibition was exhibited by methanol leaf extracts in decreasing order for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus. Lesser inhibitory zones were obtained by acetone leaf extracts, whereas, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not inhibited by any extracts. Aqueous extract demonstrated no inhibitory activity against tested bacterial pathogens. All the three leaf extracts were found to...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2012 in |
A rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the estimation of Manidipine dihydrochloride in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out on an phenomenex C18 column (250´4.6mm, 5 µm), using a mixture of acetonitrile and water (80: 20 v/v) with pH adjusted to 3.5 with ortho phosphoric acid (0.1 % v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min The detection wavelength is 230 nm. The retention time of the drug was 3.54 min. The method produced linear responses within concentration range of 25 to 125 µg/mL of Manidipine dihydrochloride. The method was found to be reproducible for analysis of the drug in tablet dosage...
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Posted by admin on Sep 1, 2012 in |
Generic drugs are lower-cost versions of patent-expired original brand-name medications. According to guidelines of regulatory agencies of the Canada, US and European Union, a generic drug must be “identical, or bioequivalent to a brand name drug in dosage form, safety, strength, route of administration, quality, performance characteristics and intended use”. Bioequivalence is decreed when the ratio of the generic to the reference compound for the area-under-the-curve and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) fall within a 0.80-1.25 range. The present study was to develop Olanzapine Tablets and compare pharmacokinetic profile of Zyprexa 10 mg film-coated tablets, Zyprexa Velotabs 10 mg orodispersible tablets and Olanzapine 10mg tablets. Multi media dissolution studies in 0.1N HCl, pH 4.5 acetate buffer and pH 6.8 phosphate buffer were carried out for Reference (Zyprexa Velotab 10 mg and Zyprexa 10 mg) and test product (i.e. Olanzapine 10mg). A single centre, open-label, single-dose, randomised, 3-way crossover bioequivalence study, performed under fasting conditions. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the test olanzapine (Treatment A) is...
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