Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Numerous herbal agents have been claimed to having antipyretic property. One up-coming botanical fruit of Morinda citrifolia, whose Polynesian name is Noni, is unique in view of the large number of medical indications that characterize claims for its efficacy. Researchers at an independent research facility found that Noni was a selective inhibitor of COX-2 enzyme. The analgesic efficacy of the Noni extract is 75 % as strong as morphine. Thus the present study was planned to study the antipyretic activity of aqueous & alcoholic extracts of Noni on yeast induced pyrexia, a model for experimentally induced pyrexia in albino rats. The alcoholic extract of Noni has been found to produce more significant antipyretic activity after 2nd, 3rd and 4th hours of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
New drugs are a great need for clinical conditions but unfortunately development costs are rising and number of drugs receiving marketing approval has fallen. Microdosing is a new experimental approach that offers a faster and potentially less expensive approach for obtaining human in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) data in early stages of drug development. The concept of microdosing involves the use of extremely low non-pharmacologically active doses of drug candidates to define their PK profile in human subjects, using highly sensitive analytical techniques such as Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), Positron emission tomography (PET) and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In this review we have discussed various aspects of microdosing such as regulatory requirements, methodology, validation, experimental proofs and future aspects. In conclusion, progress on three fronts, namely analytical, regulatory and understanding the role of PK in drug development has bought pharmaceutical industry to a position where microdosing can be considered as a possible first step in clinical investigations and eventually all first in human studies will commence with a phase...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
High energy-intake is a major factor revolved in type 2 diabetes. The objectives of this study is to set up a suitable animal model, which is similar to the human type 2 diabetes, 6 – 8 weeks old Sprague Dawley rats weighing 220 – 250 gm were consumed high fat diet (HFD) of 20% fat, 46% carbohydrate and 20% protein (w/w). Two weeks later the animals were given with intraperitonial injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35mg/kg body weight). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of repeated oral administration of the ethanolic extract of rhizomes of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell at a dose of (250 and 500 mg/kg) on fasting blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin induced type II diabetic rats. After 21 days of repeated oral administration of 500mg of EEPS extract produced a significant decrease on fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL levels (p<0.05)(p0.01) in high fat-STZ induced type II diabetic rats, on the other hand there was significant increase in HDL levels...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Cassava ((Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf stalk is a renewable raw material and it is a major industrial crop in Tamilnadu rich in antioxidant compounds. To utilize this source, an environmentally sustainable procedure has been developed for the extraction of anthocyanin and to analyze its antioxidant properties. So, the present research was focused on cassava for total phenol contents, flavanoids, anthocyanins and it’s antioxidant activities were studied using leaf stalks. Three difficult solvents were tried to extract total phenol and anthocyanin from cassava leaf stalks. In the case of total phenol content acetone extract found to have maximum phenol content followed with acidified methanol and methanol. In the case of anthocyanin content, acidified methanol extract gave maximum yield followed with methanol and acetone extracts. The presence of phenolic compound and anthocyanin determine the free radical scavenging activity in cassava leaf stalk extract. The cassava leaf stalks, which was found to be a waste material after harvesting the tubers can be used as a valuable source for anthocyanin extraction, which will...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to underline the process of ageing and the pathogenicity of various diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. The use of traditional medicine is widespread and plants still present a large source of natural antioxidants that might serve as leads for the development of novel drugs. In this study, an ethanolic extract of leaves from Dillenia indica L. which belongs to family “Dilleniaceae”, was tested for in vitro antioxidant activity. Free radical scavenging assays, such as hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and reducing power assay were studied. The extract effectively scavenged hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide radicals. It also scavenged DPPH radicals. Furthermore, it was found to have reducing power. All concentrations of leaf extract exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant power, and the preventive effects were in a dose-dependent manner. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the ethanolic extract of Dillenia indica L. could be considered a potential source of natural antioxidant....
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