Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2011 in |
Although there are many studies on antimicrobial activities of different plants, there is no report on antibacterial activity of Pterospermum acerifolium (Sterculiaceae). Therefore, a microbiological study was conducted to detect antibacterial activity of P. acerifolium. Successive ethanolic extract of bark of P. acerifolium were fractionated with hexane, butanol, methanol and water. In vitro antibacterial activity was tested by using agar cup and minimum inhibitory concentration method against S. aureus, B. lichenoformis, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. florescence, P. aeruginosa, and S. typhimurium. Although all five extracts showed promising antibacterial activity against test bacterial species, yet maximum activity was observed in butanol extract. S. aureus was the most sensitive strain. MIC values for most of the extracts ranged from 0.312 to 5.0 mg/ml; while the least MBC value was observed at 2.5 mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaloids, tannin and phenolic compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroid & sterols and triterpenoids in different extracts. This could justify their use in treatment of microbial infections in man and livestock....
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2011 in |
A simple, precise, specific and accurate reverse phase HPLC method has been developed for the determination of Ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Symmetry C18 (4.6 x 100mm, 3.5 μm) column using a mixture of Buffer: Acetonitrile (50:50) as the mobile phase at a flow rate 1.0 ml/min. Linearity was observed in concentration range of 50-150μg/ml. The retention time of Ritonavir was 5.1 min. The analyte was monitored using UV detector at 239 nm. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2011 in |
Use of plants as a source of traditional healing systems around the world that utilize herbal remedies is an important source for the discovery of new antimicrobials against resistant strains of bacteria. Medicinal plants have been a major source of therapeutic agents in Korkus from Melghat since time immemorial. Incredible knowledge of phytomedicine is acquired in non-coded form by these tribals and rural community is clear from evidences related to folklore medicines. Acacia leucopholia (Bark), Butea monosperma (Seed, Flowers), Woodfordia fruticosa (Root, Flowers), Sphaeranthus indicus (Fruits, Whole plant), Maytenus emerginata (Root, Leaves), Acacia arabica (Leaves), Caesalpinia bonducella (Seeds), Gardenia gummifera (Resin) were selected. Dried powders of plant parts were extracted in different solvents like water, ethanol, methanol and acetone. Antibacterial activity was tested by disc diffusion method against standard cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri. Methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa, Acacia leucopholia, ethanol extracts of Sphaeranthus indicus, Butea monosperma, Maytenus emerginata were active against the...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2011 in |
In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of hydrophilic polymers on the release profile of drug from matrix system. Salbutamol sulphate, an anti-asthmatic agent, was used as a model drug to evaluate its release characteristics from different matrices. Matrix tablets of salbutamol sulphate were prepared by direct compression process using methocel K100M CR polymer. Release kinetics of salbutamol sulphate from these sustained release matrices in distilled water using USP paddle method with sinker for 8 hours were studied. Statistically significant differences were found among the drug release profile from different formulations. Higher polymer content (70%) in the matrix decreased the rate of the drug due to increased tortuosity and decreased porosity. At lower polymeric level (30%), the rate of drug release was elevated. The release mechanism was explored and explained with zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer equations. The results generated in this study showed that the profile and kinetics of drug release were functions of polymer type, polymer level and physico-chemical...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2011 in |
Euphorbia trigona latex has been used most effectively in the traditional Indian medicinal system of Ayurveda for the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). However, various organic and aqueous extracts of its latex were found not to possess any antimicrobial activity against several gram positive and gram negative organisms including Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (selected for the present study) which are important urinary pathogens especially in patients with catheters over which they can form biofilms. The observation, that bacterial cell-cell communication or quorum-sensing (QS) is closely linked to swarming differentiation and virulence factor production in bacteria suggests that several bacterial pathogens may be prevented from establishing symptomatic disease via inhibition of their QS system by using anti-QS compounds. This is a viable alternative to the antibiotic-mediated growth inhibition or killing of pathogens, which invariably selects for multiple drug resistant cells. In order to investigate the effects of Euphorbia latex extracts on the pathogenicity of Pr. mirabilis and Ps. aeruginosa, their growth rate and some QS-controlled phenomena such as...
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