Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2011 in |
Purpose: Ciprofloxacin, an antibacterial agent, is having low solubility in aqueous solution and high rate of absorption from the stomach. It is precipitated at alkaline pH which leads to erratic absorption of the drug from small intestine. To overcome these difficulties, many researchers have prepared different formulations of Ciprofloxacin. But till now very few formulations are available from which the drug is absorbed uniformly, so that safe and effective blood level of Ciprofloxacin can be maintained for a prolonged period. To fulfill this requirement, in the present study, a sustained release drug delivery system (hydrogel) has been designed and chemical interaction between Ciprofloxacin and polymer in hydrogel has been studied by FTIR and Raman Spectroscopy. Methods: Ultrasonication method was used for preparation of hydrogel of the Ciprofloxacin, taking Carbopol 934 polymer with drug to polymer weight ratio 1:5. FTIR (400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 region) and Raman (140 to 2400 cm-1 region) Spectroscopic studies were carried out and spectra were used for interpretation. Results: From the spectral interpretation, it...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2011 in |
The present study was aimed to evaluate total antioxidant capacities of eleven different commonly consumed aqueous fruit extracts viz. Ananas comosus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Carica papaya, Citrullus vulgaris, Citrus sinensis, Malus domestica, Manilkara zapota, Musa paradisiaca, Phyllanthus emblica, Psidium guajava and Pyrus communis. The total antioxidant capacity was assessed using phosphomolybdenum method at different concentrations. Total antioxidant capacity was found to be highest in Phyllanthus emblica (197.5μg of ascorbic acid/mg extract) and lowest in Artocarpus heterophyllus (1μg of ascorbic acid/mg extract). The present research programme underlies the total antioxidant potentials of...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2011 in |
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) an Organophosphate insecticide was evaluated for its toxicity to produce reproductive disorders in rats following oral exposure. In the present study CPF was given to the mice at the dose levels of 10 and 20mg/kg body weight by Gavage method. A histological alteration of ovary and uterus was examined under light microscope. Its oxidative stress levels were studied by noting lipid peroxidation levels and hormonal changes (FSH) were also checked to evaluate the fertility rate in CPF induces toxicity mice. LD50 CPF was established for Swiss albino mice. Bioremediation was done to toxic induced mice using crude and extracted curcumin at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively. In control group, the germinal epithelium was continuous with prominent and well defined different stages of graffian follicles. On the other hand chlorpyrifos (CPF) treated group showed ruptured germinal epithelium with multiple nuclei and matured graffian follicles with degenerated ovum. Corpus leutium cells were observed to be rudimentary. Unusual number of vacuolated spaces was observed in ovarian cortex. Thus,...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2011 in |
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography RP-HPLC and two reproducible ultraviolet spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the estimation of nebivolol HCl and valsartan simultaneously in combined pharmaceutical solid dosage form. The wavelength fixed for spectrophotometric measurement of valsartan at 246.6 nm, nebivolol HCl at 280.2 nm for the simultaneous equation and for the Q-analysis measurement the two wavelengths fixed are 246.6 nm and 275.0 nm. The linearity obtained for nebivolol HCl in the range of 0.5-2.5 µg/ml and 5-25 µg/ml for valsartan by spectrophotometric method. The nebivolol HCl and valsartan were analyzed by HPLC using reverse phase C18 column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm particle size), by isocratic mobile phase consisted of 50mM ammonium acetate buffer adjusted to pH 3.5 and acetonitrile (30:70 v/v), at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min in the detection wavelength of 275 nm. The loratidine was used as an internal standard. The linearity and range of nebivolol HCl are 2-12 µg/ml and 5-30 µg/ml for valsartan by HPLC method. The...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2011 in |
The methanolic extract of Nerium indicum showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and starch in phyto-chemical investigation. Total phenolic content of the drug was estimated by Folin Ciocatteu’s method and was found to be 55.20 µg/10 ml. Analgesic activity was performed using three models they are Writhing, Tail-flick activity and Hot plate models. The methanoilc extract showed 44.51% inhibition in Writhing model, 50.09% for 30 sec’s and 62.45% in 60 sec and hot plate method showed 47.31%. Analgesic activity was carried out and the results were encouraging, which stated that the methanolic extract of Nerium indicum showed significant peripheral analgesic activity. The mechanism of analgesic activity action of Nerium indicum may be due to its inhibitiory effect on the synthesis of prostaglandins and...
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