Posted by admin on May 31, 2026 in |
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a metabolic spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although classically associated with obesity, lean individuals particularly in Asian populations are increasingly affected due to higher visceral adiposity at lower body mass index (BMI). The Asia-Pacific guideline defines lean as BMI <23 kg/m² and non-lean as ≥23 kg/m², reflecting region-specific metabolic risk. Aims and Objectives: To compare clinical, biochemical, and fibrosis-related characteristics including triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-BMI, and triglyceride/HDL ratio—among lean and non-lean male and female NAFLD patients, and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive fibrosis indices (FIB-4, APRI, TyG). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was performed on 497 NAFLD patients (271 males, 226 females) attending a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. Demographic data, liver enzymes, lipid and glucose profiles, and FibroScan liver stiffness were collected. Derived indices (FIB-4, APRI, TyG, TyG-BMI) were calculated. Statistical analysis included Welch’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, chi-square test, effect size estimation, and ROC analysis. Results: Non-lean males exhibited higher...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
Background: Hyperuricemia is a frequently observed metabolic abnormality in patients with heart failure, particularly among those receiving long-term diuretic therapy. Elevated serum uric acid levels have been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation in this patient population. Aim: To determine the incidence of hyperuricemia in patients with heart failure receiving diuretic therapy and to assess its association with demographic factors, diuretic classes, treatment duration, and selected clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of six months in the Department of Cardiology at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 130 patients with heart failure on diuretic therapy were enrolled based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, medication history, laboratory parameters, and echocardiographic findings were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with results expressed as frequencies, percentages, means, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The incidence of hyperuricemia among the study population was 53.1% (69/130). A higher proportion of cases was...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of ibuprofen with paracetamol versus etoricoxib alone in patients who experienced acute pain after tooth extraction. Materials and methods: A total of 80 patients were recruited and randomised to two study groups, IP and E on ibuprofen 400mg with paracetamol325mg and etoricoxib 60 mg alone for three days. The analgesic efficacy was assessed by visual analogue scale, pain relief score, and global evaluation score. Patients were assessed at 0, 6, 24, 48 & 72 hr. Safety was assessed by the Patient’s estimation of the severity of adverse drug reaction using a 3-point scale and the type of adverse drug reactions reported by the patients after 72 hrs. Results: Mean pain intensity reduction, mean pain relief score, and global evaluation score all showed comparable analgesic efficacy results in group E as compared to group IP. No patient had reported any serious adverse drug reaction in either group. Mild to moderate adverse reactions were reported in both the group; however, the incidence of GIT intolerance...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
Objective: Primary dysmenorrhoea (PD) is a prevalent disease, which is marked by menstrual pain without pathology in the pelvis. ‘Arq ‘Ajīb is a classical Unani formulation traditionally used for pain relief. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the immediate change in menstrual pain following the topical application of ‘Arq ‘Ajīb in women with PD, based on an analysis of previously recorded clinical data. Methods: This retrospective analysis of outpatient records at RRIUM, New Delhi (June–August 2025) identified 33 women with PD and baseline pain scores of 6–9 on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) who received a single lower-abdominal topical ‘Arq ‘Ajīb treatment on Day 1 of menstruation. Eighteen (18) records were in the inclusion criteria. The intensity of pain was assessed using a 0–10 VAS prior to and following the intervention. Pre-post differences were analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, whereas Pearson and Spearman coefficients were employed to study correlations. Results: The average VAS score was reduced to 3.06 ± 0.87 (median 3.0) out of the 7.58 ± 0.94...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
This research focused on formulating and optimizing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded with esculin and silymarin to enhance their physicochemical stability and in-vitro anticancer activity against colorectal cancer cells. The SLNs were produced using a hot homogenization method, and a 3² factorial design in Design Expert® software was employed to assess the effect of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) and Tween-80 concentrations on particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), and entrapment efficiency (EE). The optimized batch containing 1% (w/w) GMS and 2% (w/w) Tween-80 achieved a PS of 152 nm, ZP of −27 mV, and EE of 84.6%. Transmission electron microscopy revealed spherical particles, and in-vitro release analysis demonstrated a sustained drug-release pattern. High-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the successful loading of esculin and silymarin into the SLNs. The optimized system exhibited improved in-vitro cytotoxic effects against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells compared with the free drugs, although cisplatin showed stronger cytotoxicity than the SLN formulation. Overall, the SLNs displayed favourable physicochemical properties and encouraging in-vitro anticancer activity, supporting their potential for future...
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