Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Introduction: Irrational use of drugs is widespread in present-day medical practice. Hence, the present study aimed to analyze the drug prescribing pattern among the patients who visited the Faculty of Dentistry dental clinic, AIMST University. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the drug prescribing pattern of dentists of AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia. A total of 857 patients’ medical records were scrutinized between January 2018 to March 2018, and only 532 patients’ medical records were identified to have drug prescriptions. Patients’ drug prescription data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Drug prescription books of 532 patients were analyzed. Female patients were greater in number [325(61.09%)]. The most common dental problem was gingivitis [275(28.29%)] followed by dental carries [215(22.12%)], periodontitis [198(20.37%)] and edentulous [157(16.16%)]. A total of 965 drugs were prescribed, with an average number of 1.81 drugs per prescription. The commonest therapeutic class of drug prescribed was NSAIDs [432(44.77)] followed by antimicrobials [309(32.02)]. The percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescription was higher (32.02%) than...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Momordicinin (MMR) is a major triterpenoid compound from Momordica charantia Linn fruit having antidiabetic potential, whereas glipizide (GPZ) is a well-known molecule in treatment of diabetes mellitus. The primary objective of the study is to develop and validate a simultaneous RP-HPLC method for upcoming pharmacokinetic studies to analyze herb-drug interactions. The study uses the protein precipitation method for plasma sample preparation. Chromatographic separation of GPZ and MMR was well achieved using hypersil gold C18 column (250 × 4.6, 5µm) and mobile phase constituting acetonitrile: phosphate buffer 10 mM with pH 3.5 (40:60, v/v). Quantification was done at wavelength 223 nm. The method was validated as per USFDA guidelines. The developed method showed good linearity over the range of 7-17 µg/ml, and the lower limit of quantifications was found to be 1.89 µg/ml and 1.99 µg/ml for MMR and GPZ, respectively. The extraction and chromatographic separation of both the drugs was found to be robust and reproducible. The %RSD for validation parameters was within the specified limits as per USFDA...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
The antibacterial property of three Himalayan Oaks species (Quercus floribunda, Q. leucotrichophora and Q. semecarpifolia) in different solvents against eight gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria employing disc diffusion method has been investigated. All the test microorganisms were inhibited significantly by Oaks species at 1000 μg/ml. The MIC and MBC values of each extract (where ZOI ≥ 15 mm) were also determined. Q. semecarpifolia exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity compared to other species. Solvent systems showed species-specific response for extraction of total content (% yield) of dry extract. Maximum yield was found for ethanol extract (3.59-5.79%). Methanol extract of Q. leucotrichophora showed the highest inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria (16-23 mm) ZOI, followed by acetone extract (17-23 mm), ethanol extract (15-20 mm). Furthermore, methanol and acetone extracts of Q. leucotrichophora showed significant activity against A. tumefaciens and E. chrysanthemi, with MIC values of 15.6-31.25 μg/ml and MBC values of 15.6-125 μg/ml. Q. semecarpifolia showed its highest antibacterial potential against X. phaseoli and E. chrysanthemi whereas extracts of Q....
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Pioglitazone is an oral anti-diabetic agent used in treating class – II diabetes mellitus. T1/2of pioglitazone was 3-6 hrs and is eliminated rapidly. Hence sustained release is needed to prolong its duration of action and to increase its oral bioavailability. The study’s main aim was formulation and evaluation of an in-situ gel system of pioglitazone to increase its bioavailability as a convenient dosage form. Method of Ion-sensitive in-situ gelation was used in this study. Total 15 formulations were prepared with Guar gum, Xanthan gum, and Carbopol-934 in various combinations and assessed for physical appearance, pH, viscosity, in-vitro gelling capacity, drug content, and in-vitro drug release. FTIR, DSC for Pioglitazone, excipients, and optimized formulation were conducted. In-vivo drug kinetic studies were conducted for optimized formulation. Formulations showed an optimum viscosity allowing ease of administration and swallowing. All formulations have shown pH between 6.9-7.3, floating lag time was 2-3sec and floated for >12 hrs. The x-ray image studies are also confirming the same thing. In vitro, drug release studies report that...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pharmacovigilance activities continuously update about the adverse reactions related to medications and provide information regarding the nature and severity of ADRs. The study aims to assess the causality assessment of ADRs among patients in a tertiary care hospital. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for eight months, from September 2019 to April 2020. A total of 87 patients among 79 patients had reported with 82 ADRs. Based on the gender, males were higher than females. 40 ADRs were reported between 61-80 years of age. 27 ADR reported by diuretic users, and 15 were caused by furosemide users. 32 ADRs were endocrine damage. Causality assessment has been performed using the world health organization-Uppsala monitoring center, 63 possible followed by 13 probable/ likely. In the majority, 54 suspected ADRs were withdrawn. Based on the study duration, 40 were recovering stages. Monitoring and reporting of ADR among healthcare professionals should be encouraged as well as creating...
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