Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue is associated with obesity and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of troxerutin (TX) on insulin signaling in tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pre-treated with TX, elastatinal (ELAS) or sodium salicylate (SAL) before exposure to recombinant human TNFα (20 ng/mL) for 24 h. Glucose uptake was measured by 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) assay. The protein expression of insulin receptor-β (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) association with IRS-1, protein kinase B (Akt) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) were studied. The mRNA and protein expression of caveolin-1 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) were also analyzed. TNFα treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes displayed decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of IR-β and IRS-1. Further, the association of p85 subunit of PI3K with IRS-1, subsequent Akt phosphorylation and GLUT4 activation were also reduced. TX pre-treatment enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of IR-β, IRS-1, IRS1-PI3K association and Akt and GLUT4 expression. These changes were...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, decreased energy, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite and poor concentration with anxiety. Olanzapine is a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) or atypical antipsychotic. It has attracted considerable interests due to its wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological properties and works in the brain to treat schizophrenia disorder, and may also be used in bipolar disorder and Schizophrenia. Fluoxetine is a class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and works by blocking the absorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Regulating the amount of serotonin helps brain cells transmit messages to each other. This results in a better and more stable mood. For development and validation of Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous estimation of Olanzapine and Fluoxetine from Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form was used Q-Absorbance Ratio method. Using the double beam instrument of Shimadzu –UV1900, as UV/Visible spectrophotometer method developed for simultaneous estimation of Q-Absorbance Ratio method. For the Q-Absorbance...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
This paper reports the cytotoxic activities of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions of the marine sponges: Paratetilla sp., Stylissa sp., and Petrosia (strongylophora) nigricans, collected from the Island waters of Lipata, Surigao del Norte, Philippines, using the enzymatic reduction of a yellow tetrazolium salt, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) against four cancer cell lines HCT116 (colon), MCF7 (breast), HepG2 (liver) and A549 (lung). The assay revealed that most of the fractions are favorably active to only HCT116; except for the dichloromethane fraction of Stylissa sp., which demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity against MCF7 and HCT116 with % viability of 15.72±0.03% and 21.48±0.07%, respectively, after treatment with 30µg/mL of the sponge...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
The present study aimed to develop a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantitation of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin(B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) in ten potent wild edible fruits named Artocarpus gomezianus, Baccurea sapida, Cyclanthera pedata, Flacourtia jangomas, Gymnopetalum cochinchinense, Hodgsonia heteroclite, Prunus nepaulensis, Spondias axillaris, Terminalia bellirica and Zhanthoxylum armatum consumed by the tribal people of North-eastern region in India. The chromatographic separation of vitamins was carried out on Acclaim C 18 column (5 μm particle size, 250 x 4.6 mm), Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatography, and detection was carried out at three different wavelengths (210, 245 and 254 nm) using a mobile phase of acetonitrile and aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 0.01% v/v) solution with gradient elution. The experimental results showed that for different plants, the vitamin C content ranged between0.05 ± 0.001to 4.99 ± 0.03 mg/100g dry plant material (DPM). The B2 content was determined high in F. jangomas (0.62 ± 0.013 mg/100g...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Rasagiline Mesylate (RM), an antiparkinson drug, belongs to BCS class III drug having high solubility with low permeability. It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism with oral bioavailability of only 35%. In the present research work, efforts were made to improve its permeation as requisite for the transdermal drug delivery system. RM was authenticated by determination of melting point. Further confirmed by ATR-FTIR, DSC and XRD. The solubility and pH dependant solubility profile was established. The purity of the received drug and estimation of the drug during the study was performed by an in-house developed novel RP-HPLC method. To determine the drug flux, permeation experiments were performed in modified Franz diffusion cells using dialysis membrane and excised rat abdominal skin as a barrier and the flux found to be 45.4 and 29.9 µg/cm2 / h, respectively. To increase flux and permeation, permeation enhancers with different mechanisms like Isopropyl myristate (IPM), Hyaluronidase, Ethanol, Oleic acid, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and Propylene glycol (PG) were employed in the concentration of...
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