Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2020 in |
The present work aimed to screen the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity in leaves of different extracts of Terminalia tomentosa (Combretaceae). Phytochemical analysis was performed to check the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, saponins, tannins, anthocyanins, lignins, and glycosides. The antibacterial activity of aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts of T. tomentosa was studied against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, lignins, steroids, saponins, and glycosides were present in all the three extracts, whereas anthocyanidins were barred. Among the three fractions, ethanol has possessed the highest zone of inhibition on E. coli (19.8 mm), and the minimum inhibition zone was observed in aqueous against K. pneumonia (7.8 mm). In comparison with the extracts and counting with the antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (19-31 mm) has possessed the highest zone of inhibition. The obtained results of leaf extract are worthy for further studies to discover the unrevealed part of it and to prove its efficacy as an alternate for antibacterial...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2020 in |
Linezolid loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) were prepared and then incorporated in a topical gel as a carrier. The formulation was prepared by solvent injection method followed by probe sonication for reducing particle size. Excipients like lipids (Phospholipon 90H, Lipoid S-100, and Lipoid S-75) and emulsifier (Tween-80, Span-20, and poloxamer-407) were optimized using Taguchi L9 orthogonal design of an experiment. The optimized formulations were based on entrapment efficiency and were further evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, in-vitro and ex-vivo studies. SLN4, SLN5, and SLN6 were optimized as their entrapment was more compared to other formulations. The results obtained were 93.05 nm of particle size, 0.252 is PDI, and -13.0 mV of zeta potential. From the in-vitro studies, it has been found that SLN5 with 2% of lipid is showing sustained-release followed by SLN4 (1.5%) and SLN6 (1%), and hence SLN5 was selected for evaluations like ex-vivo studies, and stability studies of gel. Ex-vivo permeation studies have shown sustained release of drugs with a flux of 11.22...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2020 in |
This study designed to evaluate the antiplatelet and antihemolytic activity of hydroethanolic extract of Annona muricata leaves (HEEAM). The platelet aggregation assay was carried out using platelet-rich plasma, and the antihemolytic assay was done by hydrogen peroxide with different concentration of plant extract (100-500 μg/ml). HEEAM was found to possess more hydrogen donating ability when compared with the standard drug (aspirin). In addition, extract showed significant antihemolytic action (IC50 = 64.94 ± 0.01 µg/ml) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced hemolysis. It measures the degree of hemolysis when generated free radical damage. These were evident that the extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity by protecting the red blood cells from hemolysis. Furthermore, the antiplatelet activity of HEEAM showed a maximum at 500 μg/ml concentration. It represents a promising treatment for thrombotic diseases. The percentage of hemolysis and platelet aggregation was calculated with standard aspirin. In conclusion, these observations suggest that HEEAM to posses a significant antiplatelet and antihemolytic...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2020 in |
Cytochrome c oxidase, a mitochondrial metalloenzyme acting as the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It provides a critical function in cellular respiration in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The recent development in technology has enabled researchers to understand the genetic, molecular, structural, and functional properties of proteins to identify appropriate targets against diseases, and as a result, many anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative drugs have been developed. In the absence of X-ray and NMR protein crystal structure, homology modeling provides a useful 3D model for a protein that is related to at least one known protein structure. In the present study, the 3D molecular structures of nine Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 protein from different species such as Myxine glutinosa, Struthio camelus, Sus scrofa, Homo sapiens, Xenopus laevis, Halichoerus grypus, Zygogeomys trichopus, Buteo buteo, and Plasmodium falciparum were predicted using homology modeling software MODDLLER. The modeled structures were docked using Autodock4.2 software with ten different natural compounds and three drugs as a control to study the molecular interactions of these...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2020 in |
The aim of the present research work is to isolate and characterize microbial strain using partial sequencing of 16S rRNA gene region of Amycolatopsis strain K1. Five Amycolatopsis strains from soil samples were collected from the effluent sediments from Jajmau, Kanpur in U.P. India, and it was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that the isolates were different and not re-isolates of the same strain. Sequence analysis of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene indicated that isolates showed maximum similarity to Saccharopolyspora endophytica strain YIM 61095. Amycolatopsis strain K1, which is a gram-positive bacterium, was cultured in a nutrient medium containing cholesterol at 37 °C for 24 h. A partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced; the sequence data were submitted to NCBI. Amycolatopsis strain K1 partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene region resulted in 1366bp. The sequence data was submitted to NCBI, and the accession number obtained is SUB 6244430. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining through multiple sequence alignment program of Mega...
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