Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
For the drugs possessing stomach and upper intestine as the absorption window, it has become high practical importance to improve their gastric residence time. The in vitro performance of the drug delivery being highly variable is ascertaining as gastric emptying is one of the complex mechanisms. Intense researches are being carried out for the development of multiparticulate systems, which are of greater importance than the single unit dosage forms in oral drug delivery. Floating microballoons offer more reproducible drug absorption, reduce the risk of local irritation, and improve the bioavailability of the drug. In the current research work, Dipyridamole, a BCS class – II drug was formulated as controlled release microballoons using ethyl cellulose as polymer and span 80 as the surfactant to improve the gastric retention of the drug. Preformulation studies viz. solubility, partition coefficient, micromeritics, and the drug excipient compatibility studies using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer and Differential Scanning Calorimeter were carried out. The emulsion solvent evaporation method was employed to develop controlled release dipyridamole floating microballoons....
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
Jerusalem artichoke is one of the underutilized tuber crops distributed worldwide in temperate areas. It is considered healthy and functional food due to its chemical composition as it contains proteins, mono or poly-unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers, vitamins, and minerals. In this present research work, the effect of processing on the proximate and mineral composition of Jerusalem artichoke tuber flour (JATF) was studied. The proximate analysis was determined in accordance with AOAC, while mineral estimation was done by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The result of the proximate analysis revealed that blanching with sun drying registered a significant increase in fiber content and insignificant reduction (p<0.05) in ash and protein content while it caused a substantial decrease in fat and carbohydrates values when compared with unprocessed-JATF samples. However, autoclaving with sun drying showed insignificant reduction only in ash content and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in fat, protein, and carbohydrates values when compared to unprocessed-JATF samples. The mineral analysis results showed that blanching and autoclaving with sun and oven drying caused...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
Ethanol extract of kerehau leaves is known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities with the potential to prevent atherosclerosis. This study aims to determine the ability of kerehau ethanol extract in reducing the lipid levels, the lipid ratios, and the number of foam cells in the blood vessel walls. This study employed in-vivo and ex-vivo experiments on male rats of Wistar strain induced with high-fat feed and 25% fructose for 45 days. The rats were divided into 6 groups (n=3), namely negative control (0.5% CMC-Na), positive control (induction), simvastatin (0.9 mg/kg bw), and 3 groups of test extracts with a dose of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg bw, respectively. Administration of CMC-Na, simvastatin, and kerehau ethanol extract was carried out orally along with the inducer. The parameters measured were the levels of triglycerides, TC, and serum HDL at before and after 45 days of treatment. Rat aortic arches were taken for histopathological examination at the end of the study. The results showed that kerehau ethanol extract at a dose...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
Herbal medicine plays an important role in rural areas, and various locally produced drugs are still being used as household remedies for different ailments. Acalypha hispida (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant popularly used in pharmaceutical used and as a commercial product. Hence, the need to explore the potential of this plant, especially in the area of traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industries, arises. The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial and radical-scavenging activities of methanol and ethanol extracts of leaf and flower of A. hispida. Phytochemical screening showed that phenol, tannin, alkaloid, and flavonoid are present in methanol extract of a leaf. In ethanol extract of leaves, tannin, alkaloid, and flavonoid are present. In the methanol extract of flower, phenol, tannin, and carbohydrate are present, and phenol, tannin, alkaloid, and flavanoid are present in the ethanol extract of the flower. The organisms used for the antibacterial properties assessment were E. coli, Candida albicans, B. cereus, and Salmonella typhi. In antimicrobial activity, the desired concentrations were 2.5%, 1.25%,...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2020 in |
The present aim study is the formulation development and evaluation of extended-release matrix tablets of oxybutynin chloride by using hydrophilic and hydrophobic matrix systems. The pilot-scale batches of nine formulations were prepared using Eudragit RSPO, Eudragit RLPO, Carbopol 971NF, ethylcellulose individually, and in the combination of above polymer and Avicel PH102 by adopting direct compression method. The fabricated matrix tablets were assessed for their physicochemical properties and in-vitro drug release study. The drug-excipient interaction was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, where no such interactions were observed. The F1-F3 formulation batches containing Eudragit RSPO in different proportions showed an effective drug release of nearly 99% at 24 h. The F4-F6 formulation batches contained Eudragit RLPO in the diverse amount presented an impressive drug release of >97%. In batches F7-F9, the combination of Eudragit RSPO and Eudragit RLPO produced a remarkable drug release of 100%. The optimized formulation F3 demonstrated a comparative similarity factor ƒ2 and less difference factor ƒ1 with that of the marketed tablet. The formulation F3 also...
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