Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2020 in |
Background: Medication errors (MEs) are the potential to cause adverse clinical outcomes. The incidence of MEs is hopefully controlled with patient-centric pharmaceutical services. The present study evaluated the incidence of MEs in various departments in a multispecialty hospital in India. Methods: This prospective observational was analyzed 100 prescriptions included 749 drugs from general medicine, cardiology, renal, and endocrinology departments. The prescriptions were analyzed for medication errors as per NCCMERP criteria. The outcome was expressed as range additionally as percentages of variables. Results: A total of 217 MEs (n-105, 48.39%) were ruled out from out of these 100 cases. The applied NCCMERP criteria found 87 drug administration errors (40.09%) with higher categories A and B, but the distribution of category C (n-10) and D (n-10) was noted quite alarming. Conclusion: The study would suggest perpetual inculcation and training programs to be conducted to incorporate cognizance and practice inputs of medicos, nurses, and...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2020 in |
The present research work was aimed at the enhancement of solubility and dissolution rate of Gefitinib by Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS). Gefitinib is a BCS class II drug with poor aqueous solubility (oral bioavailability 60%). The saturated solubility of Gefitinib in different oils, surfactants and co-surfactants were determined. The excipients were screened and selected showing maximum solubility and compatibility for Gefitinib. SEDDS formulations of Gefitinib were developed using selected Oils, Surfactants and Co-Surfactant combinations (4:1 and 3:1). Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were created using Triplot V 4.1.2 software and applying Pseudo ternary phase diagrams, the nano-emulsification region was identified. Formulations were optimized based on Pseudo ternary phase diagrams using various proportions of oil (Peceol), surfactants (Kolliphor HS 15) and co-surfactants (Labrasol). The prepared four formulations were selected among them F1 was optimized and carried out for further evaluations like robustness to dilution (Passed), dispersibility test (Grade A), self emulsification time (29 ± 1.05 sec), percentage transmittance (Clear emulsions), drug loading efficiency (98.735 ± 0.43%), thermodynamic stability study...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2020 in |
Candida albicans is the leading cause of superficial and systemic fungal infections in human beings and is very common in people with a weakened immune system. It can grow either as budding yeast, a pseudohyphae form, or in a true hyphal form, and the ability to switch between these three forms is important for its pathogenicity. To date, an in-depth study on the relationship between histone modification and hyphal formation is limited, and our study has therefore aimed at adding further information regarding this relationship. In our study, we have found that by disrupting the gene GCN5that codes for a histone acetylating protein Gcn5, there was indeed a defect in the hyphal formation confirming the previous report made by Chang et al., (2015). We also found that the defect in the hyphal formation was probably due to regulation of hyphal inducing signaling protein Ras1 by Gcn5 leading to its reduced expression as well as its downstream target hyphal transcription factors Efg1 and Cph1 in the homozygous mutant. The reduced...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2020 in |
There are many pharmaceutically important compounds from Penicillium sp. that made the fungal genera one of the most important sources for the production of bioactive metabolites. As per the results of our previous study, a bioactive metabolite, P5, from Penicillium rubens JGIPR9 had highly promising cytotoxic and anti-cancer potentials. This prompted us to undertake the current study, so as to optimize the culture conditions of this fungal isolate and thereby to enhance its growth, i.e., biomass (response 1) and production of the anti-cancer metabolite P5 (response 2). Initially, the single factor method was adopted to screen the individual culture conditions that would enhance the responses under the study. The best factors being CdCl2, glucose, amino acid concentrate, and beef extract were subjected to Central Composite Design (CCD) to identify the optimal conditions that enhance the responses. The biomass dry weight ranged from 11.9-24.1 g/L and that of P5 concentration ranged from 257-774 mg/L. The optimal conditions were verified experimentally and 3.24-fold and 12.21-fold increase were observed for responses 1...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2020 in |
Asenapine maleate is an atypical antipsychotic drug. It was approved by USFDA in August 2009. It is an antagonist of 5-HT dopamine and α-adrenergic receptors and a high affinity for dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. It is indicated for the treatment of various psychotic conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in adults. So it leads to the requirement of accurate and precise quantification in its bulk and buccal (effervescent) dosage form. The analytical method was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed RS-HPLC methods fulfill the need at 100.8% accuracy with a precision of 0.25% relative standard deviation. Waters Alliance HPLC system with column Inertsil ODS 3V (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) having UV-detector at 270 nm wavelength was used. The mobile phase having a mixture of 550 mL Acetonitrile and 450 mL of Milli-Q water and 1mL Ortho Phosphoric Acid (OPA), was used. The flow rate was set to 1.5 mL/min that gives the retention time at 4.9 min for Asenapine Maleate. The...
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