Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2020 in |
Quinolines bears a very good synthon so that a variety of novel heterocyclic with good pharmaceutical profile can be designed. There are various biological activities for quinolones such as antibacterial, antimalarial and various drugs possessing quinolone as nucleus are ciprofloxacin (Cipro), lomefloxacin (Maxaquin), norfloxacin (Noroxin), ofloxacin (Floxin), moxifloxacin (Avelox) and levofloxacin (Levaquin). So, in the present work 2-chloro quinoline 3-carbaldehyde containing quinolines were synthesized by using solvent conservation techniques like reflux technique. Various quinolines derivatives were synthesized by the condensation reaction between dimethylformamide, PoCl3, and different substituted aniline to give 2-chloro 3-carbaldehyde (1a). The reaction of 2-chloro 3- carbaldehyde with metformin gives quinolines Schiff bases as final compound (2a-2d). The obtained product was purified and structures were confirmed by TLC, MP & IR spectroscopy. All the compounds were screened for in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity using diclofenac sodium as standard by using protein denaturation method. Further, the selected compounds also studied for anti-inflammatory activity by in-vitro methods and anti-oxidant activity by hydrogen peroxide methods. Some of the compounds have shown significant...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2020 in |
Objective: The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the protective role of escitalopram in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy. Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with streptozocin 70 mg/kg and animals were divided into four groups namely normal control, diabetic vehicle control, glibenclamide control and escitalopram group. After the 4th week of diabetes induction treatment was started for further 28 days (5th to 8th week) with escitalopram 20 mg/kg. Evaluation of diabetic neuropathy was performed after 8 weeks of single injection of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg i.v.) in rats. Blood glucose level, grip strength, locomotor activity, pain sensitivity and threshold in diabetic rats were measured. Results: The results of the present study indicate that the 8 weeks treatment of escitalopram demonstrates hypoglycemic effect; it marked decreases the blood glucose level in diabetic treated animals. There was also decrease in the grip strength in diabetic rat indicates to induction of neuropathy or nerve damage. Escitalopram increases the grip strength of diabetic rats. There was also found loss of pain perception in...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2020 in |
Calcium and iron are the main minerals needed to support performance and also to improve the physical components of soccer players. This study aims to analyze the effect of goat milk consumption on calcium and blood hemoglobin levels in junior soccer players. This study was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Research subjects were 22 soccer players, male, aged 12-14 years. The treatment was 250 mg fresh goat milk, given 3 times a week (every Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Sundays), between 06.00 pm-06.30 pm) after playing football for 90-120 min and given for 21 days. Examination of blood calcium levels was conducted using O-cresolphthalein complexone. Examination of hemoglobin levels was performed using the method of calorimetry. Data were analyzed using homogeneity of variance (p<0.05), a test of normality (p<0.05) and paired t-test (p<0.05). The results showed that the average calcium level increased about 1.72% from 9.43 mg/dL to 9.50 mg/dL; (p=0.05) and the mean blood hemoglobin level increased about 9.2% from 14.25 g/dl to 14.55 g/dl (p=0.05) after consuming...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2019 in |
Solid dispersions (SDs) of Erlotinib hydrochloride (ETN) were prepared to enhance the solubility by solvent evaporation (SE) and Melting (MM) method using poloxamer 188 (PL 188) in the ratio of 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 (w:w). The solubility of the drug was increased in a concentration-dependent manner of polymer and follow linearity order. The solid dispersion was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The FTIR spectra revealed the drug was found compatible and did not show any interaction with polymer, PXRD spectra, and DSC thermographs showed a clear transformation of crystalline to an amorphous form of drug particles. In-vitro dissolution study was performed in dissolution medium i.e. 0.1N HCl (pH 1.2). Cumulative percent drug release from SDs prepared by the SE method was faster than from the pure drug, physical mixture (PM), and SDs prepared by the MM method. The maximum percent drug release (90.07 ± 0.78) was found with PL 188 in the ratio of 1:5 (w/w). Among the...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2019 in |
Ethylacetate leaf extract of Aganosma cymosa was screened for antimalarial activities in-vivo in rats inoculated with red blood cells parasitized with Plasmodium falcipuram using 4-day Suppressive test and Rane’s test. The result of mean parasitemia by 4-day Suppressive test for the Group AC600, AC400 & AC200 was 4.62 ± 3.63, 13.34 ± 2.42, 19.29 ± 3.23 and percentage suppression were 80.1%, 42.54% and 16.9% respectively. However, standard drug chloroquine (15 mg/kg) was found to exert a considerable lower percentage parasitemia of 2.73 ± 1.6 and higher percentage suppression of 88.24%. From the results of the Ranes test, the parasitemia levels on day 7 for AC200, AC400, AC600 were 16 ± 0.4, 12 ± 0.4 and 2 ± 0.6 and the percentage inhibition was found to be 23.80, 45.45 and 65 respectively. While the chloroquine treated group had a mean parasitemia 6 ± 0.2 and percentage inhibition of 70%.The plant extracts showed significant dose-dependent antiplasmodial activity with the decrease in parasitemia, rectal temperature, body weight and increase in suppression, packed cell volume in all treated...
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