Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Guanidines were prepared by the condensation reaction of primary amine (-NH2) with urea derivatives (R2NCONR2) in the presence of POCl3. In this research guanidine-pyridine, hybrid derivatives were synthesized by substituted urea derivatives namely 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea and N, N′-dimethylurea with 2-aminopyridine. The metal complexes were obtained by reaction of metal(II) chloride with guanidine ligands in the molar ratio 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L). The structure of synthesized compounds was assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) mass spectroscopy studies and molar conductance. The measured molar conductance values indicated that the complexes were non-electrolytic. An octahedral geometry is proposed for the cobalt complexes but, square-planar geometry is suggested for both copper and nickel complexes. The synthesized compounds were also subjected to antibacterial study. Evaluation of antibacterial activities indicated that the metal complexes more inhibited the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains as compared to the parent ligands. Among all the metal complexes the CuL2′ showed highest antibacterial activity with zone inhibition diameter of 29 mm and MIC value of...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a member of the Meliaceae family and its role as the health-promoting effect is attributed because it is a rich source of potent biochemicals. It has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Unani medicines worldwide especially in Indian Subcontinent in the treatment and prevention of various diseases. In this present study’s author being investigated and identified biochemically active components in ether and methanolic extracts of stem bark of Azadirachta indica collected from the nursery of Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India. The stem of the plant washed with water and methanol; dried plant material was successively extracted with petroleum ether at 34 ºC by Soxhlet apparatus for 72 h. The chemical formulas, double band equivalence and percentage of occurrence of the compounds have been elucidated with Fourier Transform Mass spectrometry with ESI detector in the negative mode as well as positive mode. The Instrument was run in full mode m/z (50-1000). METLIN database was used to identify the compounds. Many compounds were identified...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
This study aims to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant activity of different extracts prepared from the aerial parts of Arthrophytum scoparium. Polyphenols flavonoids and tannins contents were determined. The acute toxicity of ASE was carried out based on OECD during two weeks to ascertain the LD50. In sub-acute toxicity, a 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day extract was orally administrated for 21 days consecutively. The results showed that decoction extract (DEC) was the richest fractions in Polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins content (23.29 mg/GAE, 99.77 mg/QE and 113.33 mg/TAE), respectively. Arthrophytum scoparium hydro-methanolic extract (ASE) had the strongest antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays with an IC50 of 0.045 and 0.0017 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay showed that ethyl acetate extract (EAE) had the highest inhibiting activity (83.29%). Furthermore, all A. scoparium fractions exhibited a good ferric reducing power. The administrated doses did not undergo changes in general behavior, toxicity or mortality of the tested mice. The LD50 was found to be superior to 5...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
The study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and nutrient intake and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls in Kupang. It was an observational research with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic (KSAP) from December 2017 to January 2018. The research subjects were adolescent girls aged 16-19 years; withdrawal method was purposive sampling with a total of 57 subjects. The nutritional status was determined based on the BMI values, while the nutrient intake was calculated using a questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a spectrophotometer. Data were descriptively analyzed. Pearson correlation test and Spearman’s Rho were to determine the relationship between parameters. The results showed 12.28% of subjects with poor nutritional status were anemic, 66.66% of normal nutritional status subjects had anemia and 10.53% of overweight subjects suffered from anemia. As many as 66.7% of the subjects had severe energy intake deficits, 43.9% subject had severe carbohydrate intake deficits, 50.9% of the subjects had severe protein intake deficits, and 70.2%...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2019 in |
Traditional plant-based remedies continue to be an important therapeutic aid for treating many infections. In the current study, an attempt was made to know the antibacterial activity of different pod extracts of plants like Albizzia lebbeck, Cesalpina pulcherima, Leucenea leucocephala, & Tecoma stans against six different human pathogens E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris. The pods were collected, washed, shade dried and powdered. The powders of the four different pods were extracted with methanol and water and screened for their phytochemical constituents by standard protocols and were shown to contain carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins. All the extracts obtained were tested against the six pathogenic bacteria by cup plate method. Out of all the extracts, methanolic extracts of all the pods showed promising activity against all six pathogens. Methanolic extracts of C. pulcherima (2.2 cm) & T. stans (2.13 cm) exhibited greater activity than standard (2.0 cm) when tested against E. coli. The antibacterial activity of extracts may be linked to the presence...
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