Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2018 in |
Absence of pathogenic bacteria is a must for passing the microbiological quality control inspection of non-sterile pharmaceutical products. The identification of microbial contaminants by conventional methods is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The overall aim of the study was to test non-conventional methods as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy Biotyper (MALDI-TOF) for rapid identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in topical pharmaceutical preparations. Four different topical preparations and three raw materials were artificially inoculated with tested microorganisms, at an initial cell count of 10º CFU/ml, and were overnight pre-enriched in Tryptic soy broth (TSB). MALDI-TOF was tested for identification of target microorganisms using different sample preparation methods. Duplex PCR targeting oprL (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and mRNA nuclease gene (Staphylococcus aureus) was also tested. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were identified within 18 – 37 h using MALDI-TOF, according to the sample preparation method, and 27 h using duplex PCR; compared to 48 – 72 h for the identification using conventional microbiological...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2018 in |
Present study is reporting the result of the synthesis and evaluation of antihypertensive activity for N-substituted pthalazine 1,4-dione derivatives. N-substituted pthalazine 1,4-dione derivatives were synthesized by taking the Heterocyclic system, ethylglycinate, hydrazine hydrate and pthalic anhydride and were subjected to preliminary screening for antihypertensive activity in albino rats. The synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral (1H NMR, 13C NMR, Ms, IR) analysis. Antihypertensive activity of all the compounds was tested by non-invasive method using Tail Cuff method and all the compounds were found to be active. The significance of the work is to treat cardiovascular disorder implicated by Steroids and...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2018 in |
The overall objective of this research is to improve the oral bioavailability of insulin through encapsulation in nanoparticles formulated by “ionotropic pre-gelation followed by polyelectrolyte complexation technique”. The preparation variables such as initial drug concentration, polymer: polymer ratios, crosslinker concentration, stirring speed, stirring time, pH of drug / polymer mixture were investigated to study the effect of variables on nanoparticles size and drug entrapment efficiency. The optimum formula of insulin-loaded nanoparticles was tested for insulin release in three different pH media. The pharmacological activity of insulin-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated following oral dosage in diabetic rats and then study whether insulin-loaded nanoparticles would induce hypoglycemic effect after oral administration to diabetic rats. The optimum formula of nanoparticles improved insulin release characteristics. Thus, the polymer matrix provided protection for insulin in acidic gastric medium and allowed prolonged insulin release in alkaline intestinal medium. In-vivo results indicated that nanoparticles kept insulin bioactivity and its hypoglycemic effect after oral administration of insulin-loaded nanoparticles to diabetic rat model. It was found that natural biodegradable...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2018 in |
Plants have been used in traditional medicine for several thousand years since which may have been described to have curative value. Terminalia chebula (TC), Terminalia arjuna (TA) and Holarrhena antidysenterica (HA) are very important medicinal plants in the traditional Indian systems of Ayurveda and Siddha. In this work, fruit of Terminalia chebula, bark of Terminalia arjuna and Holarrhena antidysenterica were selected for experiments. 80% methanolic crude extracts of these plants were fractionated by diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. Diethyl ether fraction of 80% methanolic extract (DM) and ethyl acetate fraction of 80% methanolic extract (EM) of all the three plants were compared for their phyto-chemical, antioxidant and cytotoxicity to find out their therapeutic potential. The phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and was found to be higher in Terminalia chebula extracts (>36 mg GAE/g)). The antioxidant activity was assayed through some in-vitro methods such as DPPH radical scavenging assay, phosphomolybdenum method and reducing power assay. Antioxidant activity was also found to be highest in Terminalia chebula extracts. Cytotoxicity...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2018 in |
The present study is designed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaite seeds. Initially, the extracts (Nonpolar to polar) were screened for in-vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH, nitric oxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical considering ascorbic acid as standard. Among the extracts the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts showed greater antioxidant activity further, the antioxidant activity of the extracts is supported by evaluating the total phenol content (114±1.7, 146.5±2.4 mg/g gallic acid equivalents respectively) and flavonoid content (2.86±0.10, 6.2±0.12 mg/g rutin equivalents respectively). Based on the initial study, the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were evaluated for acute anti-inflammatory activity against the egg albumin (1%) induced inflammation. The selected extracts (200, 400 mg/kg) were administered 1 hour prior to the induction of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity is measured as a decrease in paw edema, measured at regular intervals (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h) of time, taking diclofenac (5 mg/kg) as a standard drug. Both the extracts showed significant...
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