Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2017 in |
Candidemia is associated with a high mortality. The most common cause of candidemia is Candida albicans, though infections by non-albicans Candida are being increasingly reported. The present study was conducted to determine the incidence of candidemia, the risk factors and antifungal susceptibility in intensive care unit (ICU). This study was conducted from January 2012 to June 2013 and prospectively included patients admitted in ICU for >48 hours. The blood culture isolates were identified as per standard mycological procedures and DNA (26S rDNA) sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility test was carried out by broth micro-dilution method in accordance with CLSI standards. A total of 48 isolates were identified in 1890 ICU admissions. Majority of the isolates were identified as non-albicans Candida i.e. 38 out of 48 isolates which is 79.2% while only 10 isolates were that of Candida albicans i.e. 20.8%. Among the non albicans species, Candida tropicalis (42.1%) was the predominant one followed by Candida rugosa (26.3%), Candida parapsilosis (15.8%) while Candida pelliculosa, Candida glabrata, Candida lusitaniae and Kodamea ohmeri were...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2017 in |
Eutyphoeus gammiei (Beddard) is a large native earthworm which is commonly used as fish bait and feed of chicken in Tripura. Eutyphoeus tissue comprising of both body wall and gut wall contains 63.98% protein, 15.79% carbohydrate, 7.78% fat, 1.90% crude fiber and total ash 10.55%. The result showed that essential amino acid of earthworm tissue was dominated by lysine (1.45 g /100 g), methionine (1.56 g /100 g), valine (2.78 g /100 g) and leucine (5.52 g /100 g). The non essential amino acid of earthworm was dominated by glutamic acid (1.37 g /100 g) and ornithine (3.68 g /100 g). Interestingly, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids was relatively high (poly unsaturated fatty acids 26%, mono unsaturated fatty acids 27.4%). In poly unsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid (20: 4 ω -6) and linoleic acid (18: 2 ω -6) represented 36.39% and 29.50% respectively. Importance of essential amino acids and essential fatty acids in earthworm tissue for animal nutrition has been given in the present paper. Nutritionally important several...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
The present study was assessed to determine the effect of various grades of phospholipids on liposomes. The various grades of synthetic phospholipids such as Phospholipon 90G® (PL90G), Phospholipon 80H® (PL80H) and Phospholipon 90H® (PL90H) were used along with cholesterol in stoichiometric ratio (1:0.25, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3). Using these ratios the paclitaxel liposome was formulated by film hydration method. The prepared liposomes were assessed for characterization using entrapment efficiency, vesicular size, in vitro release and hemolytic toxicity assay. The synthetic grades of phospholipids significantly influenced paclitaxel liposomal formulations. The stoichiometric ratio (1:1) between cholesterol and various synthetic phospholipids was found to be optimized one, from rest of ratios. The characterization confirmed the formation of liposomes. The entrapment efficiency was observed to be high as increasing the ratios between cholesterol and phospholipids, but then declined suddenly as further increasing the ratio. The best liposomal formulations showed the spherical shape with size ranging from <10µm. The optimized paclitaxel liposomes % release in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) enhanced significantly, and rest of...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Bombax ceiba Linn. is one of the important plant species used in various system of medicine. Almost every part of plant is used as medicine and its roots and flowers are used for curing maximum number of ailments. Leaves of the plants are also containing different important secondary metabolites. For the use as safe herbal medicine the plant material (leaves) has to be standardized with the establishment of a consistent biological activity. Pharmacognistic studies includes different Physicochemical parameters like Proximate analysis of plant material such as Fluorescence Analysis, percentage of loss on drying (Moisture content), Total ash, Acid Insoluble ash, Water Soluble ash, used for the standardization, as per guideline of the in Indian Pharmacopoeia. Evaluation of drug in this ways was done for the confirmation of its identity and determination of its quality and purity and detection of nature of adulteration. Sterols present in plant called as Phytosterols. Phytoesterols with the principle advantage that inhibit the absorption of cholesterol and lower serum cholesterol levels was detected by basic...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2017 in |
Modification of a drug molecule of a series having optimal activity is widely used and continues to be an important factor necessary for new drug discovery. Infectious diseases which increase dramatically by resistant and multi resistant microbes are now a days the second major cause of death worldwide and the third leading cause of death in the developed countries. Although, the search for new lead structures for the development of antimicrobial agent is an increasingly important problem in medicinal chemistry. The treatment of infectious diseases still remains an important and challenging area of research due to multidrug resistance by microbes. The increasing incident of drug resistance in treatment of microbial diseases emphasizes worldwide need for newer antimicrobial agents. To treat these infectious diseases, a route is established to synthesize the pharmacological active novel chromone based sulfonamide derivatives i.e. substituted N- (3 –formyl -4-oxo -4H –chromen -2-yl) -N-phenyl benzene sulfonamide having antibacterial and antifungal activities. The objectives of the present work are: 1) To synthesize various derivatives of substituted N-(3-formyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-N-phenyl...
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