Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Aristolochia longa L. (Aristolochiacea) is a native plant of Algeria used in traditional medicine. This study was devoted to the determination of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins contents of A. longa L. extracts. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts (stems and leaves), fruits and tubers by using various solvents with different polarities such as acetone, methanol and distilled water. Acetone extracts from the aerial parts presented the highest contents of polyphenols (525.43±29.6 µg/mg) followed by fruit aqueous extract (518.54±14.93 µg/mg), while the aerial parts methanol extract shown the highest flavonoid content (52.37±0.94 µg/mg) and exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity of DPPH and reducing power (55.04 ±1.29 µg/mL and 0.2±0.019 mg/mL, respectively), therefore the aerial parts acetone extract showed the highest antioxidant capacity in the β-carotene bleaching inhibition test with 57%. For antimicrobial activity, the fruit methanol extract was too efficient against the bacterial strains tested, whereas no effect was observed when these extracts were tested against fungi. The protein denaturation was found in the aerial parts acetone extract to be...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
In current research work two methods have been developed for simultaneous determination of etodolac and paracetamol in binary mixtures. HPTLC-densitometry was employed for the determination of the mixture for etodolac 50-400 ng band⁻¹ and for paracetamol 50-300 ng band⁻¹. Separation was carried out on a silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates, using toluene: acetone: methanol: glacial acetic acid (6:2:1:0.5 v/v) as mobile phase. Etodolac, paracetamol and the toxic impurity para-aminophenol were well resolved with Rf values of 0.61±0.04, 0.41±0.04 and 0.20±0.03. Determination has been carried out at 254 nm with a mean percentage recovery of 99.77±1.30 for etodolac and 99.86 ± 0.97 for paracetamol. First derivative (D1) spectrophotometry was employed for simultaneous determination of etodolac (217nm) and paracetamol (236 nm). Linearity ranges of both the compounds were found to be 2.5-12.5µg mL⁻¹ with a mean percentage recovery of 98.07±1.62 for etodolac and100.65±0.84 for paracetamol respectively. Methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and successfully implemented for the analysis of bulk powder and pharmaceutical...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Midazolam is used as short-acting pre-anesthetic benzodiazepine with solubility of <0.1mg/mL at neutral-pH, which increases considerably in acidic media. Midazolam commercial acidic aqueous parenteral formulation (pH~3.3) causes pain and inflammation at administration site, which induces low patient-compliance. According to the absence of non-parenteral formulation, available parenteral dosage-form administered orally that showed bitter-taste with low bioavailability. Alternatively, intranasally administration was rapidly absorbed, with improved bioavailability. However, not only causes nasal mucosa irritation due to acidic media, but also needs large solution amount because of midazolam low solubility. On contrary of previous studies, which focused on solubility improvement in acidic pH, the aim of this study is to compare solubility enhancement techniques at nasal physiological pH (6). Different techniques evaluated including buffer solutions (Britton-Robinson, citrate and phosphate), inclusion-complexation (β-CD), polymeric-micellar-solubilization(HPMC) and co-solvency (PEG400 and P.G) separately in mentioned buffers. Ternary-diagram with the best-selected system examined in different ratios. As a result, phosphate buffer in combination with applied techniques indicated solubility enhancement ratio of 17.9, 22.7, 16.8 and 30.9 for β-CD, HPMC,...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia, in which nerve cells in memory areas of brain and eventually other areas begin to die at accelerated rate resulting in serious deterioration in several mental functions such as memory loss, language, orientation and judgment. The main objective of the present study was to investigate and compare the neuro-pharmacological effects of Evolvulus alsinoides plant extract on the cholinergic system and Histopathological aspects in AD-induced rat model. Ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides Linn (EAE) was prepared and administered to rats orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. To evaluate the anti-cholinergic potential of the plant extract, selected regions of the brain viz. Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Pons medulla and cerebellum were used. As a corollary to these, Histopathological experiments only on two selected regions of the brain viz. cerebral cortex and hippocampus were conducted in all groups of rats on 60th day of experimentation in order to assess the extent of cytoarchitectural changes in neurons brought out by AD induction and the...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Introduction: AIDS is one the most dreaded diseases of human race in the present times. More than two- third of HIV infected individuals have an associated infectious pulmonary disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is considered as more virulent compared to other opportunistic pathogen causing latent infection. Cure of AIDS is still an unsolved mystery but some of the drugs have been developed to decrease the mortality and morbidity of the disease. These are called as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). This work has been conducted in order to know the role of various anti-retroviral regimens in the treatment of patients of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in terms of changes in CD4 count as well as in CD4/CD8 ratio. Material and Methods: A total of 3078 patients screened for the study. Those who were diagnosed with HIV were enrolled. Pretreatment parameters like Haemogram, CD4, CD8 + lymphocyte count and their ratio etc. were recorded. Patients were divided into four groups and were started with different HAART regimens. Their CD4 count and...
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