Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
Soybean is one of the highest isoflavones source. Isoflavones are one type of phytoestrogen that have a chemical structure similar to estradiol, that’s why it can be used not only to inhibite but also to prevent many symptoms related deficiency of estrogen. However in the small intestine, isoflavones like genistin will be hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase and produce aglycone like genistein, this process can be optimized by hydrolysis with enzyme or chemical. The aim of this study was to obtain the extract of soybean that hydrolysed by hydrochloric acid and to obtain scientific data about the content of genistein in the extract by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Analysis of samples by HPLC using C18 reverse phased column. Genistein standard with a concentration 8 ppm, 10 ppm, 12 ppm respectively diluted with methanol: water (8:2) as much as 5 ml. Soybean extract, weighed as much as 3 mg and dissolved in 10 ml of methanol: water (8: 2). Standard and sample then analyzed with the mobile phase used was methanol:...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
The aim of this research work was to formulate and optimize a floating drug delivery system of famotidine. In the present study, preparation of famotidine floating beads, in-vitro evaluation of Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS), prediction of the release, and optimization of polymers ratio to match target release profile was investigated. An attempt was made to prepare oil entrapped floating beads of famotidine prepared by inotropic gelation method using Sodium alginate (SA), Tamarind seed powder (TSP) where SA & TSP ratio was 95:5 respectively, Span 80 with Calcium Chloride as curing agent and various concentration of Sunflower oil as a floating agent. Size of all the beads was found spherical and uniform and percentage yield of all formulation was found approximate 85%. It was observed that famotidine release from uncoated beads in a considerable “burst” during the first 30 min, due to rapid water ingress and creation of aqueous channels, which suggested that drug release was dependent on dissolution and diffusion of the drug through the polymer matrix. Buoyancy...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
The aim of this study was to compare the skin permeation of liposomes, transfersomes and ethosomes of lamivudine under non-occlusive conditions. The liposome and transfersomes prepared by thin film hydration method and ethosomes were prepared by slight modification on hot method. The Liposomal formulation (LP1) ethosomal formulation (ET2) and transfersomal (TF2) formulation showed highest entrapment 49.76 ± 2.1%, 81.97 ± 1.5% and 83.81 ± 1.4%, optimal nanometric size range 515 ± 4.6 nm, 374 ± 8.9nm and 315 ± 8.5nm and smallest polydispersity index0.529±0.019,0.432± 0.011 and 0.422± 0.009 respectively. The results of skin fluorescence experiments showed that penetration depth and fluorescence intensity of calcein from ethosomes and transfersomes was much greater than that from liposomes. Stability studies indicated that there was no significant physical change in vesicular formulation for 45 days at different temperatures. The in vitro result indicates that liposome retrain on the surface of skin due to poor permeation power, transfersomes improve penetrates of lamivudine and made drug easiest to accumulate in the skin. Ethosomes enhances permeation...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
A mononuclear copper(II) complex [Cu(bpy)2(NO3)] NO3 H2O (bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine) has been synthesized and characterized based on physico-chemical spectral data. The complex is characterized based on electronic, IR and ESR spectroscopies. The structure of the complex is determined by single crystal X-Ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in monoclinic space group P-1. Structural analysis reveals that the complex adopts square pyramidal geometry with CuN4O chromophore. The interactions of these complexes with calf thymus DNA have been investigated using absorption spectrophotometry. The high binding constant 4.89 x 106 M–1 may be due to the strong electrostatic attraction between the cationic complex and the negatively charged phosphodiester backbone of DNA. Nuclease activities of complexes are investigated on double stranded pBR322 plasmid DNA using gel electrophoresis experiments under different conditions. The complex cleaves DNA more effectively in the presence of...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2016 in |
Most low density bags are made from polythene, a chemically inert compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen. Burning of this plastic waste and burying of the plastics releases harmful toxic material which is a major pollutant in environment. Degradation of waste plastics through microorganism is the alternative method to deal with such problems. In this present study low density polythene bags degrading bacteria were isolated from greater Visakhapatnam dumping yard. Out of 20 isolates, one isolate was selected, due to its significant activity in biodegradation of polymer. After 30 days of incubation the isolate resulted 28% in weight loss of polythene bags. SEM images of the treated polythene bags confirmed that the isolate is having significant biodegradation ability by forming holes on the surface. Increased biomass of the bacteria on polymer and decreased biomass in spent medium indicates the significant utilization of polythene, as carbon source. The degraded material contains 5×102 CFU/mL of bacteria. Morphology and biochemical tests confirmed that isolate belongs to Pseudomonas sp. This work reveals that...
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