Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Diabetes Mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder, affecting a larger population of the world, which arises due to defective insulin secretion by beta cells in the pancreas or insulin resistance by peripheral tissues. As the disease progress, microvascular complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular complications are observed, which the leading causes of death in diabetic patients. The drug treatment is required when the weight reduction, diet, and modification in lifestyle fails to maintain the normal blood glucose level. Though insulin and oral anti-diabetic drugs are clinically being used; the researchers have been focused on developing still better anti-diabetic drugs. There components like GLP-1, DPP-4, GPR119, GPR 40 and GPR 120, SGLT2, DGAT-1, 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and Peroxisome proliferator influences/regulate the secretion, release, and uptake of insulin. The study of these targets would help to develop new anti diabetic...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
The aim of this review paper is to provide throughout the information of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard, used as a Khirni or Rayon in most of the tropical regions of India. It is native to India, mainly distributed as a wild tree in the southern part and North-central part of India. It is widely spread in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Maharashtra our efforts are to collect valuable information with respect to morphology, microscopy, phytoconstituents and pharmacological aspect of the plant. The plant contains major phytoconstituents such as protobassic acid, 16-ahydroxyprotobassic acid, taraxerol, a triterpene ketone, alpha and beta-amyrin, cinnamates, alpha-sipnasterol, beta-sitosterol, its beta-D-glucoside, quercitol, quercetin and its dihydroderivatives, ursolic acid. Traditionally, the whole plant is employed as astringent, refrigerant, aphrodisiac, alexipharmic, stomachic, anthelmintic, for reliving fever, flatulence, colic, dyspepsia, helminthiasis, hyperdipsia, burning sensation. All these compounds claimed to possess various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, antidiuretic and so...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Effective delivery of drugs can be made through various routes of administration, and the oral route is considered to be the most convenient for the administration of drugs to patients. Poor aqueous solubility was acknowledged as the main reason for the poor oral absorption of chemical entities. Apart from the conventional solubilization approaches like co-solvency, salt formation, solid dispersion, more recently self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) have been studied in improving the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble and lipophilic drugs. SEDDS can be administered orally in soft or hard gelatin capsules or by converting them into tablets using different techniques like adsorption, melt granulation/extrusion and spray drying for improved stability and ease of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Solubility is the rate-limiting step for bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs can be enhanced by incorporating active pharmaceutical ingredients into oral lipid-based drug delivery systems. Self micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is a researcher’s choice amongst other oral lipid drug delivery systems because it offers advantages like simplicity to manufacture, convenience in scale-up, less interference of food on the dosage form and has the capability to deliver peptides. SMEDDS acts as a drug delivery carrier in which a broad range of different drug moieties can be incorporated. The bioavailability of lipophilic drugs can be significantly increased by formulating in the SMEDDS form. The present review provides a comprehensive summary for types of SMEDDS, manufacturing process, formulations aspects, evaluation characteristics, and patents registered on account of oral lipid drug delivery...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2020 in |
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a big cause of liver-related fibrosis and cirrhosis. The level of fibrosis is usually in the past (established by histology). The prognosis is estimated using fibrosis progression rates (FPRs; the annual probability of progressing across histological stages). However, new non-invasive options are quickly replacing biopsy. As the rates of HCV cirrhosis go on increasing and hence remains high, the morbidity and mortality of HCV- related HCC. Reduced complications from cirrhosis, including HCC, is one of the long term goals of antiviral. The new directly acting antiviral development with high rates of virological clearance has restructured the cure of HCV infection. Fewer patients remain at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, especially those with the severe fibrosis and cirrhosis in spite of the development of HCC in HCV patients who achieve disease sustained virologic response is reduced. This review puts lights upon the overview, morphogenesis, infection, therapies. The discussion outlined will be helpful to the chemist and learners of the exact mechanism and set the broad spectrum...
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