Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Background: Prescription of drugs which needs to be continuously assessed and refined according to disease progression. It not only reflects the physician’s knowledge about drugs but also know the pathophysiology of diseases and attitude towards rational prescribing. Methods: Retrospective study was carried out by collecting 350 prescriptions containing antimicrobial agents of the indoor patients admitted in the wards of Paediatric department at Sir Sayajirao General (SSG) Hospital, Vadodara. The data was collected by using case record form specially prepared for the study. Results: In our study, total 350 prescriptions containing 690 antimicrobial agents were prescribed during study period. Average number of antimicrobials per prescription was 1.97. 576(83.48%) and 114(16.52%) antimicrobials were prescribed by using generic name and trade name respectively. 599(86.81%)and 91(13.18%) antimicrobial agents were prescribed for parenteral administration as well as oral route respectively. 101(28.85%) prescriptions constitute single antimicrobial agents, while 249(71.14%) prescriptions contain either two or more than two antimicrobial agents. Among all prescriptions 3 % and 11% of them were without the age and address of...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
The most common test of acute toxicity is the LD50 test. LD50 means, the lethal dose of a substance that will kills 50% of animals. But this requires large number of animals. To reduce the sacrifice of animals. In present study we are using QSAR based software T.E.S.T. (toxicity estimation search tool 4.1 version) for predicting oral LD50. For prediction of oral LD50 we have taken 100 insecticides, 40 fungicides and 40 herbicides. During our analysis we find that for experimental oral LD 50, 27 insecticides are highly (value between 5-50) and 36 are moderate potent (value between 50-500). For predicted oral LD 50 value, 24 insecticides are highly and 34 are moderate potent. For fungicides 3 experimental and 3 predicted are moderate potent. For herbicides 6 experimental and 7 predicted herbicides are moderate LD 50...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Pirandai uppu (PU) a herbo mineral formulation has been employed as a traditional siddha remedy for diarrhea since long time. Diarrheal diseases remain one of a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, particularly in developing countries. As a mandate, steps were taken to evaluate safety profile of PU in animal model under OECD guidelines. Acute toxicity studies done on female wistar albino rat under OECD guidelines 423 and 28 days repeated oral toxicity studies done on both sex of wistar albino rat under OECD guidelines 407. Acute oral toxicity study of PU revealed no mortality at the dosage of 2000 mg/kg body weight and the median lethal dosage of PU is estimated above 2000 mg/kg body weight. Repeated oral toxicity study of PU does not exhibit mortality at the high dosage of 200 mg/kg body weight given up to the period of 56 days including 28 days of drug administered. At the end of 28 days no specific changes are observed in hematological, hepatic, renal and...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
An attempt was made to study the anti MRSA and antitubercularactivity of Streptomyces sp. BCA1 isolated from Borra Caves soil. In agar plug method, strain BCA1 showed 12-17 mm inhibition against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, including MRSA. Crude pigment produced from strain BCA1 by agar surface fermentation showed 15 – 17 mm inhibition in disc diffusion method against bacterial pathogens. In luciferase reporter phage (LRP) assay the crude pigment showed more than 80% reduction against standard strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv, drug sensitive and multi drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Active pigment was separated by TLC and its activity was confirmed by bioassay guided fractionation. The MIC value of the purified pigment against bacterial pathogens ranged between 6.25 and 50µg/ml. MIC value for M. tuberculosis H37Rv and drug sensitive clinical isolate was found to be 6.25 µg/ ml while that of MDR M. tuberculosis isolate was 25 µg/ ml. The solubility of purified pigment in acid and alkali as well as the appearance of absorption...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Twenty two endophytic fungi were isolated from anti-diabetic plants Momordica charantia and Trigonella foenum-graceum. Ethyl acetate extracts of all fungal isolates were tested for inhibition of aldose reductase and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. Ethyl acetate extracts of nine endophytic fungi were found to be positive for α- amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitors. Crude extracts of fungal isolates PTFL005 and PTFL006 showed promising inhibition activity on α- amylase with an IC 50 value of 15.48 and 13.48μg/mL respectively. Whereas, the control acarbose had 22.38 μg/mL of IC 50 value for α- amylase at similar experimental condition. Fungal isolates PTFL006 and PTFL011 were found to have potent α- glucosidase inhibitors with an IC 50 value of 17.37 and 10.71μg/mL which was close to the standard acarbose (6.53μg/mL). The only one fungal isolate PMCF003 showed reasonably better inhibition for aldose reductase with an IC50 value of 40μg/mL as compared to standard control quercetin (15μg/mL). All the active endophytic fungal isolates were identified by DNA sequencing method. The most active isolates identified asTrichoderma atroviride...
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