Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Human papillomavirus is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted disease in both men and women worldwide. Genital HPV types are divided into high and low-risk types, on the basis of oncogenic gene potential. Molecular & epidemiologic studies have confirmed the interaction between high risk HPV types (especially HPV-16 & 18) and cervical squamous cell low risk strain. In high grade Intra epithelial neoplasias & invasive cancers, generally integration of HPV-DNA into the host genome disrupts or deletes the E2 region, which results in loss of its expression. The E6 and E7 gene deregulate the host cell growth cycle by binding and inactivating two tumor suppressor proteins: the tumor suppressor protein (p53) and retinoblastoma gene (pRb). The HPV E6 gene binds to p53 and targets it for rapid degradation leads to an increased expression of E6 and E7 genes. The inactivations of p53 & pRb proteins can increased proliferation rate & genomic instability. In addition, the potential of activated oncogenes cause chromosome instability may transformed in the...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
The aim of the present work is to increase the gastric residence time of Lamivudine by preparing it into gastro retentive floating tablets whereby making it available at its site of absorption and to achieve an extended action for a time period of 24hrs and to reduce the dosing frequency to once a day, using release retardant polymers METHOCEL, POLYOX and CARBOPOL. The compatibility of the drug with excipients was confirmed by DSC study. The gastro retentive floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method and were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics and in-vitro dissolution studies. The optimized formulation was subjected to stability studies. The prepared tablets exhibited satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. The in-vitro drug release studies revealed that the drug release was sustained up to 24hrs for formulation F5 containing drug and POLYOX as release retardant polymer at a concentration of 1:0.75. Using Higuchi’s Model and the Korsmeyer equation, the drug release mechanism from the floating sustained release tablets was found to be Anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. Optimized formulations showed no...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Inflammation is a cellular reaction to injury and plays a central role in pathophysiology of a variety of diseases.Oil derived from Emu (Dromais novaehollandiae) fat, is reported to have healing property. The present investigation was performed to demonstrate in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of Emu oil using phorbol ester induced acute inflammatory ear edema model. Also, the efficacy of Emu oil was compared with Virgin Coconut Oil extracted from coconut (Cocos nucifera) which is traditionally being used in India. Acute inflammation was induced applying 20 μl of 2% Croton oil (a phorbol ester) in Swiss Albino mice inner pinna. After 2 hours, ears were treated with single application of 20 μl of Emu oil and Virgin Coconut oil. Pinna thickness was measured pretreatment and 6 and 24 hours of post treatment. After 24 hours, animals were euthanized and ear punches were collected and weighed. Peak edema was evidenced at 2 hours of croton oil application. Emu oil and Virgin Coconut oil significantly attenuated croton oil induced inflammation. Inhibition of edema...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Acetylcholine satisfies all criteria for a transmitter substance. Its most widely recognized action sites are the endings of vertebrate motor nerves, the endings of the automatic pre ganglionics and the parasympathetic post ganglionics. It appears also to be the transmitter of motor nerves in all advanced invertebrate animals except the arthropods where it seems to separate at the endings of sensory nerves. Acetylcholine is concerned with various visceral functions in both invertebrates and vertebrates. The impact of 20% ethanol (w/v) at selected doses of 5gm/kg wt over 5 and10 weeks in vivo and 100-1000 µl in vitro on the heart and aortic tissue acetylcholine content activity was reported. Alcohol is selected doses appeared to inhibit the rat and aortic tissue based Ach levels both in vitro and in...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
The pet ether and chloroform extracts of Durenta repens leaves was screened for antidepressant action in tail suspension model. Both the extracts showed antidepressant action at the dose of 200mg/kg. Chloroform extract produced significant (p<0.001) mobilisation of the animals when compared with that of the standard drug Imipramine (10mg/kg) and acts as a potent centrally acting antidepressant drug. Results obtained for pet ether extract was not significant in treating the depression in the animal model. The antidepressant action may be mediated by the centrally releasing catecholamine’s possesses antidepressant...
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