Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2025 in |
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), which intently look like epileptic seizures (ES), are regularly set off by mental trouble and address the most pervasive type of change issue experienced in clinical practice. Different states of being can both encourage and support PNES episodes. PNES episodes. Epilepsy, a common neurological disorder, imposes significant emotional and physical burdens, frequently resulting in elevated levels of anxiety and depression. This case report details the clinical course of a 25-year-old female diagnosed with PNES. The patient background of childhood trauma, early marriage, and depression likely predisposed her to the development of PNES upon diagnosing with epilepsy, characterized by seizure and depression, the patient experienced increased anxiety, irritability, loss of consciousness, and required hospitalization. Her treatment regimen of intravenous administration of Injection Levetiracetam 500 mg and oral olanzapine 2.5 mg to her seizures persisted. On evaluation of electroencephalography EEG and CT scan indicated the epilepsy and Panes. Although the surgical intervention was unnecessary, the management of epilepsy with ongoing pharmacotherapy significantly reduced her PNES episodes. This...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2025 in |
Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common fungal infection characterized by white patches on the oral mucosa, often triggered by factors like immunosuppression and medication use. It can affect anyone, regardless of age or background. The formulation of mucoadhesive gels for the treatment of oral candidiasis is a promising area of research. The gel enhances the residence time of the drug at the site of infection, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to develop a mucoadhesive gel for oral candidiasis treatment using an inclusion complex of itraconazole and beta-cyclodextrin. Different concentrations of mucoadhesive polymers (Carbopol 940) and absorption enhancers (Poloxamer 188 and propylene glycol) were used. The pH of the gels ranged from 6.5 to 7.2. The viscosity varied between 300 and 600 cps. The gelation temperature was 30°C to 35°C. Spreadability ranged from 4.7 to 4.83 cm. The drug content was found to be 90% to 95%. Mucoadhesive force ranged from 3549 to 3917 dyne/cm2. Drug release lasted 6 hours, with 95 to 99% cumulative release. In-vitro antifungal...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2025 in |
The respiratory drug delivery system (RDDS), which delivers drugs straight to the lungs for quicker effect and better bioavailability, is essential for treating respiratory disorders. It works particularly well for treating lung infections, COPD, and asthma. Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), dry powder inhalers (DPIs), nebulizers, and sophisticated aerosol formulations are examples of technology that are part of RDDS and maximize medication delivery to the lungs. Particle size, the drug’s physicochemical characteristics, and patterns of deposition within the respiratory system are some of the variables that affect how effective RDDS is. For example, smaller particles enhance therapeutic benefits by reaching deeper parts of the lungs. To ensure effective medication deposition while reducing adverse effects, the delivery system’s composition and design are essential. New developments in formulation science, nanotechnology, and inhaler design have propelled recent advances in RDDS. By improving treatment’s portability, accuracy, and convenience, these advancements are increasing patient adherence. Modern inhalers, for instance, provide improved particle accuracy and dosage control, increasing the treatment’s total efficacy. With its potential to revolutionize...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2025 in |
The aim of present study was to develop microemulsion formulation of apremilast for the topical treatment of nail psoriasis, a challenging condition due to the nail’s dense structure limiting drug penetration. Apremilast, a PDE4 inhibitor, offers an effective systemic approach but faces bioavailability challenges and potential side effects when administered orally. To address these issues, apremilast-loaded microemulsion was formulated using oleic acid, Tween 80 and PEG 600, optimized through a Box-Behnken design. The resulting microemulsion exhibited desirable characteristics, including particle size, PDI, and zeta potential, indicative of stability and effective drug delivery. In-vitro studies revealed an 81.63% drug release over 24 hours, highlighting the formulation’s sustained release capabilities. Ex-vivo transungual permeation tests using goat hoof membranes further supported enhanced drug permeation to the target site, outperforming the pure drug suspension. These findings suggest that apremilast-loaded microemulsion can provide a more targeted, efficient, and safer alternative for nail psoriasis therapy, improving patient compliance through topical application. This novel approach has potential implications for enhanced nail disease management and future topical...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2024 in |
Background: Fatigue is a common symptom in patients with advanced kidney disease, with implications for quality of life and clinical outcome. Fatigue is one of the most frequent complaints of dialysis patients and is associated with impaired health related quality of life (HRQOL). Aim: To monitor and measure the severity of fatigue in dialysis and non-dialysis patients of chronic kidney disease. Methodology: This prospective study was performed in the Department of Nephrology in SVIMS, Tirupati, over a period of 6 months. In this study, Fatigue Severity Scale was used with help of questionnaire form. Results: A total of 30 patients were recruited in this study based on their type of dialysis and we categorized subjects based on Gender, Age, Occupation, CKD Stage, dialysis per week, family history, complications and duration of CKD. We found that average fatigue score in Non-Dialysis subjects is 4.80±1.989, Hemodialysis subjects is 4.20±1.033, Peritoneal dialysis is 2.80±1.476. Conclusion: Our study concludes that patient having comorbidity condition like only Hypertension and Hypertension with Diabetes mellitus were...
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