Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1), are a superfamily of metalloenzymes in higher vertebrates, including humans. Sixteen distinct isoenzymes of CA are known to exist in mammals and most of these isoenzymes have been extensively investigated in terms of their biochemical properties, tissue distribution, and genetic control. There are cytosolic isozymes (CA I, CA II, CA III, CA VII and CA XIII), membrane bound examples (CA IV, CA IX, CA XII and CA XIV), and mitochondrial (CA VA and CA VB) and secreted (CA VI) isoforms. It was proposed that hCA IX is a multidomain protein consisting of an N-terminal proteoglycan like (PG) domain, a CA catalytic domain, a transmembrane segment (TM), and an intracytoplasmic (IC) portion. Carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors can prove to be effective in treatment of hypoxic tumours. Moreover the side effects with these drugs will be less than those caused by other anticancer drugs as these enzymes are present constitutively in only a few...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
The aim of this study was to determine the anti-microbial and anti-adhesive properties of a Lactobacillus and Bacillus, against several micro-organisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Biofilm producing micro- organisms were isolated from different samples. The isolated micro-organism were characterized and identified. The anti-microbial and anti-adhesive activities were determined. The bacteroicin production was quantified and was observed. The maximum bacteroicin production was observed among various isolated micoorganisms. The bacteroicin produced by the Lactobacilli and Bacilli showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic micro-organisms (including Pseudomonas, Escherichia col, Staphylococcus, Aspergillus and Salmonella typhi), the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were achieved for bacteroicins the most. The antagonistic characteristics of bacteriocin were studied by agar well diffusion method. Furthermore, the micro- organism showed anti-adhesive activity against most of the micro-organisms evaluated. Biofilm production was observed and quantified among various biofilm producing isolated micro-...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
A novel, high-throughput, reverse phase-ultra performance liquid chromatographic (RP-UPLC) method has been developed for the quantification of Pregabalin and its related impurities in drug substance. The stability-indicating capability of the developed method is demonstrated using forced degradation samples from stress conditions such as hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal and photolytic degradation. The separation of known impurities and degradation impurities are accomplished using a phenyl-hexyl stationary phase with 100 mm length and 1.7 µm particle size in short run time (10 min). The developed method employs a linear gradient elution with phosphate buffer pH 6.2-acetonitrile as mobile phase, and is validated in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization requirements. During forced degradation it has been observed significant degradation of drug substance in base hydrolysis and oxidative stress conditions, and slight degradation of drug substance in acid hydrolysis and thermal stress conditions. The ten major oxidative degradation impurities formed are identified by LC-MS, HR-MS and NMR techniques and the proposed structure are...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
The Ooctapéptido (LAN: 3-(2-Naphthalenyl)-D-alanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-D-tryptophyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-cysteinyl-L-threoninamide (2 → 7) disulphide acetate, angiopeptin acetate) cyclic covered gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) results in a complex (AuNPs-LAN) when reacted following the aqueous synthesis using Turkevich method for preparing colloidal gold nanoparticles followed by reaction of conjugation with the octapeptide LAN. The nanoconjugate was characterized by transmission electron microscopy high-resolution, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and by Zeta-potential. The objective of this study was to develop a method of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) to determine AuNPs and AuNPs-LAN in vitro. The reaction was I carried out by reduction of HAuCl4 with trisodium citrate, based on the synthesis of Turkevich-Frens-Kimling for colloidal Au at 90 °C where the plasmon resonance was detected at a wavelength of 526 nm, previously reported from 1954, 1976 and 2006, wavelength UV-vis nanoconjugate was 531 nm in which prolongation observed in migration times. We also describe part of the validation (linearity and precision) by capillary electrophoresis, arguing that it is a suitable method to quantify the gold nanoparticles and AuNPs-LAN complex. We conclude that the...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
Antioxidants prevent the damage done to the cells by free radicals that are released during the normal metabolic process of oxidation. Some of these free radicals include reactive oxygen species, hydroxyl, the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and peroxyl which generate metabolic products that attack lipids in the cell membranes or DNA. These are associated with DNA damage, carcinogenesis and cellular degeneration related to aging and also contributes to heart diseases and arthritis. Researchers around the world have identified many natural constituents with antioxidant activity. Thus in the present work we have studied the synergistic antioxidant activity of lipoic, ferulic and ellagic acid which is naturally occurring compounds having medicinal properties by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. Highest antioxidant activity is reported for mixture of all the three compounds with 98% & 64% inhibition in both methanoilc and aqueous solutions followed by ferulic acid with 97% & 70% inhibition and mixture of ellagic and lipoic acid with 96% & 59% inhibition in both methanoilc and aqueous solutions. Thus from the results it...
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