Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
In the present study, toxicity was developed by oral administration of AFB1 at a dose of (2µg/kg body weight) for 45 days in male mice. Curcuma longa (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) and Curcumin (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) were given individually and in combination with AFB1 for 45 days. At the end of 45 days, the blood samples were collected from various groups by heart puncture in eppendroff tubes with anticoagulant for hematological assays. Noncoagulated blood was tested for total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, hemoglobin, differential leukocyte count and for other blood indices. The results of present study suggest that Turmeric rhizome powder (Curcuma longa) and Curcumin showed protective effects against AFB1 induced toxicity by modulating red blood cell count, white blood cell count and Hb percentage to some...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Buccholzia coriacea Engle (Capparidaceae ‘wonderful cola’) a tropical plant is used in traditional medicine in the management of diabetes, malaria and hypertension. This study aims to investigate the larvicidal activities of the Petroleum ether, chloroform fractions and methanol extract of B. coriacea seed as a potential agent in vector control for malaria. Third and fourth instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae were used for the study. Five doses (62.5 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml) of the methanol extract petroleum ether and chloroform fractions tested against the larva with 1% ethanol used as control. The mortality rates were determined 24 and 48 hr after exposure to extract following the WHO procedure. The chloroform fraction exhibited the highest mortality rate of 100% at 250, 500, 1000 μg/ml after 24 hr exposure, the pet ether exhibited mortality rate of 77.5% (1000 μg/ml) after 48 hr exposure while the methanol extract had the lowest effect of 22.5 % after 48 hr. This study reports for the first time the...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
The objective of the study is to prepare, characterize and evaluate starch phosphate, a new modified starch as a carrier in solid dispersions for enhancing the dissolution rate of ritonavir. The feasibility of formulating solid dispersions of ritonavir in starch phosphate into compressed tablets with enhanced dissolution rate was also investigated. Starch phosphate was prepared by reacting starch with di-sodium hydrogen orthophosphate anhydrous at elevated temperatures. It was insoluble in water and has good swelling (400%) property without pasting or gelling when heated in water. Solid dispersions of ritonavir in starch phosphate were prepared by solvent evaporation method employing various weight ratios of drug: starch phosphate such as 2:1(SD-1), 1:1(SD-2), 1:2(SD-3), 1:3(SD-4) and 1:9(SD-5) and were evaluated for dissolution rate and efficiency. All the solid dispersions prepared gave rapid and higher dissolution of ritonavir when compared to pure drug. A 58.34 and 94.41 fold increase in the dissolution rate (K1) of ritonavir was observed with solid dispersions SD-4 and SD-5 respectively. The DE30 was also increased from 6.80%...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
The present study carried out to investigate the antihyperglycemic, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and antihyperlipidemic (Total cholesterol and triglycerides) effects of the different fractions (Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform) of ethanolic extract of Stevia rebaudiana leaves. The different fractions of the extract were administered orally as a single dose of 150 mg/kg body weight to alloxan induced hyperglycemic rats and found to reduce blood glucose level significantly (p<0.05). The different fractions resulted in the significant reduction of lipid content which was increased in hyperglycemic rats. The plant fractions also improve the glucose tolerance in the glucose induced rats. The effects of plant fractions were compared with standard drug metformin. The phytochemical screening tests indicated that the different constituents such as saponins, tannins, triterpines, alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides etc. were present in the plant which has antidiabetic and hypolipidemic properties. Thus, this investigation paves the way for plant based antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic treatment and indicates that various fractions (Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform) of the ethanolic extract...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2011 in |
Nitric oxide (NO), the most potent natural vasorelaxant, has close relation to cardiovascular physiology, inspite of its complex chemistry; it is a signal-transducing radical. Aspects of NO biology critical to gastrointestinal health and, consequently, nutritional status are increasingly being recognized. Cross-talk between NO and micronutrients within and outside the gastrointestinal system affects the establishment or progression of several diseases with pressing medical needs. Some studies imply that NO has cytotoxic properties and is the genesis of numerous diseases and degenerative states, whereas other reports suggest that NO prevents injurious conditions from developing and promotes events which return tissue to homeostasis. NO or related species have been implicated in the regulation of many genes that participate in many diverse biological functions including programmed cell death or apoptosis. Along with cell apoptotic function, it also plays several roles in others parts of the body. In this review we are describing a gestalt on NO, which includes the various synthetic approaches, isoforms of NOS & its related aspects, multifactorial biological applications, its...
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