Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Five marine sponges were collected off Carmen, Agusan del Norte, Philippines and taxonomically identified as Axinyssa sp., Plocamionida sp., Forcepia sp., Pachymatisma sp and Placospongia sp. The “non-polar” (EtOAc-MeOH) and “pola”r (EtOH-H2O) extracts of the marine sponges were prepared and subjected to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, a total antioxidant capacity assay using the phosphor molybdenum method and antimicrobial assay using the paper disc diffusion method. The marine sponge extracts exhibited low antioxidant activity as indicated by both the percent antiradical activity values obtained which ranged from 0.89% to 5.41% and the total antioxidant capacity values expressed as Ascorbic Acid Equivalence (AAE) ranging from 11.99 to 126.67 AAE and Butylated Hydroxytoluene Equivalence (BHTE) with a value range of 6.64 to 148.30 BHTE). The non-polar extracts from all the marine sponges as well as the polar extract from the marine sponge Forcepia sp. showed antibacterial activity against the two bacterial strains, B. subtilis and E. coli. However, the marine sponge extracts no significant antifungal activity against the two fungal...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Senna alata is an effective novel pharmaceutical medicinal plant. The hot extraction method was used to prepare methanol and ethanol extracts of leaves. The extracts were further evaluated to study Antimicrobial potential, phytochemical analysis, FTIR, and Antioxidant activity. The FTIR analysis showed various functional groups that served as secondary metabolites and responsible for antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of the extract may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins. The Senna alata leaves were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against clinically important bacterial strains such as E. coli, B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, and fungi strain namely A. niger by agar well diffusion method. The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Senna alata showed the highest antioxidant activity. S. alata has a great antimicrobial ability which needs to be intensively discussed...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
The noble coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 results in a devastating, multisystem disease among which COVID-19 pneumonia creates serious complications and most of COVID-19 related deaths. COVID-19 patients develop a systemic inflammatory response through interleukin (IL) and tumor necrosis factors. In COVID-19 patients, cytokine storm controlling is the key step for treatment because cytokine attacks own body cells instead of fighting with the virus. We reviewed several literatures to summarize the safety and efficacy of LD-RT in COVID-19 patients. Low dose chest radiation may reduce the inflammation in the lungs in severely ill patients. The radiation offset an immune system called AS a cytokine storm. Several randomized/non-randomized, single/multi-centered, open/close clinical trials are underway in U.S, India, Iran and around the globe. Early studies showed LD-RT reduces the inflammatory cytokines, time of hospitalization, duration of ventilation, and a number of deaths. However, some researchers warned for radiation-induced cancer (lung, breast, and esophageal) and cardiovascular diseases. So, further extensive preclinical studies should be conducted to identify the risk-benefit ratio in COVID-19...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the periodontium induced by specific microorganisms and requires more specific treatment. The traditional mechanical therapy alone is not sufficient for the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis because of in accessibility in the deep periodontal pocket and depth of penetration of microorganisms into the periodontal connective tissues. Thus to overcome the limitations of mechanical therapy, local drug delivery into the periodontal pocket is recommended. The local drug delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the periodontal lesion site has the advantage of loading a higher concentration of drug at the target site minimizing the adverse effect of the drug on the other systems of the body. The local drug delivery system having controlled release should be considered as an adjunctive to mechanical debridement for the treatment of periodontal diseases. This article reviews local drug delivery systems containing antimicrobial agents. Further extensive comparative studies are required to optimize the use of novel drugs in the local drug delivery system to manage periodontal...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
The liver is the most important organ in the body that plays a central role in the detoxification and excretion of many exogenous and endogenous compounds. Due to these functions, hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health, and that challenges health care professionals. Many liver diseases are chronic, meaning they last for years and may never go away. But even chronic liver diseases can usually be managed. The drugs that work on the liver are generally classified into two categories, one is antihepatotoxic agents, which generally antagonize the effects of any hepatotoxins causing any liver disease and another is hepatoprotective agents which prevent various types of liver infections prophylactically. Plants are the paramount source of herbal medicines. A plethora of data from the medicinal plants is available in literature. The present review is aimed at compiling data on promising herbs in concise manner, which are experimentally proved by the scientists as...
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